How Nginx implements access control configuration based on request source IP

How Nginx implements access control configuration based on request source IP, specific code examples are required

In network application development, it is very important to protect the server from malicious attacks One ring. Using Nginx as a reverse proxy server, we can configure IP access control to restrict access to specific IP addresses to improve server security. This article will introduce how to implement access control configuration based on request source IP in Nginx and provide specific code examples.

First, we need to edit the Nginx configuration file. Typically, this file is located at /etc/nginx/nginx.conf. In this file, we can find a block called "http", which contains the global Nginx configuration. We need to add the following code to the block:

http {
    # 定义一个名为“block_ip”的map，用于存储需要屏蔽的IP地址
    map $remote_addr $block_ip {
        default 0;  # 默认情况下，不屏蔽任何IP地址
        192.168.0.100 1;  # 需要屏蔽的IP地址，值设为1
        192.168.0.101 1;  # 需要屏蔽的IP地址，值设为1
    }
    
    # 定义一个名为“block_ips”的变量，通过内部重定向的方式使用“block_ip”进行判断
    set $block_ips "";
    if ($block_ip = 1) {
        set $block_ips "block";
    }
    
    # 在server块中添加访问控制配置，只允许没有被屏蔽的IP地址访问
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name example.com;
        
        # 添加对block_ips变量值的判断
        if ($block_ips = "block") {
            return 403;
        }
    }
}

In the above code, we first define a map named "block_ip" to store the IP addresses that need to be blocked. By default, it is set to 0, which means no IP addresses are blocked. We can set a specific IP address to 1 as needed, indicating that the IP address needs to be blocked.

Next, we define a variable named "block_ips" and use "block_ip" for judgment through internal redirection. First, we set the variable to empty. Then, use the if statement to determine whether the value of "block_ip" is equal to 1. If so, set "block_ips" to "block".

Finally, access control configuration is added in the server block. We use the listen directive to specify the listening port number, and the server_name directive to specify the domain name or IP address. In the if statement, we determine whether the value of "block_ips" is equal to "block". If so, return a 403 Forbidden response.

The above code is just an example and is only used to demonstrate how to implement access control configuration based on the request source IP in Nginx. Please make appropriate configurations according to actual needs, such as adding IP addresses that need to be blocked, modifying the listening port number and domain name, etc.

In summary, Nginx can easily implement access control based on the request source IP by using maps and variables. By making corresponding configurations in the configuration file, we can restrict access to specific IP addresses, thereby improving server security.

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