在MySQL中创建带有IN和OUT参数的存储过程的方法_MySQL
在 MySQL 中创建储存过程的语法很难记,除非你经常跟储存过程打交道,原因很简单,语法不是什么小笑话。如果你通过命令行控制 MySQL,你需要记住准确的语法。一个快速示例可以很好的帮助你做到这点。在MySQL 入门教程中,我们能够看到很多关于如何创建储存过程 和如何利用 IN 和 OUT 参数调用存储过程的示例。这些示例都很简单,能够很好的帮助你理解 MySQL 中创建带参数存储过程的语法。这些示例已在 MySQL 5.5 中通过测试。我们将用下面的雇员表创建并测试这些储存过程:
mysql> select * from employee; +--------+----------+---------+--------+ | emp_id | emp_name | dept_id | salary | +--------+----------+---------+--------+ | 103 | Jack | 1 | 1400 | | 104 | John | 2 | 1450 | | 108 | Alan | 3 | 1150 | | 107 | Ram | NULL | 600 | +--------+----------+---------+--------+ 4 rows in set (0.22 sec)
创建和使用带In参数的MySQL存储过程
下面是一个命令行方式创建MySQL存过的例子,我们根据 department从employee表中获取一个总数,dept_id是department表的 外键。
mysql> DELIMITER // mysql> create procedure usp_totalEmployeeByDeparment(IN id INT) -> begin -> select count(*) as total from employee where dept_id = id; -> end// Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> DELIMITER ;
首先我们改变默认的分隔符为“//”来作为存储过程结束的标识,随后再恢复默认值。使用“usp”前缀是区分系统存过过程和用户自定义存储过程的最佳实践。现在你可以在MySQL命令行像这样来调用存过:
mysql> call usp_totalEmployeeByDeparment(2); +-------+ | total | +-------+ | 1 | +-------+ 1 row in set (0.06 sec)
创建和使用带IN和OUT参数的存储过程
在这个MySQL例子中,我们创建了一个IN和一个OUT参数的存储过程 usp_GetEmployeeName。当调用这个存储过程时,你需要传递2个参数:id和name,一个作为输入参数id,另外一个作为输出参数返回结果。
mysql> DELIMITER // mysql> create procedure usp_GetEmployeeName(IN id INT, OUT name VARCHAR(20)) -> begin -> select emp_name into name from employee where emp_id = id; -> end// Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.52 sec) mysql> DELIMITER ; mysql> call usp_GetEmployeeName(103, @name); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec) 以MySQL命令行方式调用存过: mysql> select @name; +-------+ | @name | +-------+ | Jack | +-------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
这就是怎样从命令行方式创建和调用存储过程的所有内容,在这个教程中,我们创建了带IN和OUT参数的存储过程多个例子。这是记住MySQL数据库存过语法的最好方式。

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