PHP 8.3 released: Black technology to improve development efficiency

PHP 8.3 Release: Black Technology to Improve Development Efficiency

On November 25, 2021, PHP 8.3 version was officially released. This is the third major release since 2020 and brings a lot of exciting features and performance improvements. This article will take you through the new features of PHP 8.3 and how to use these features to improve development efficiency.

1. Union Types and Static Return Type

PHP 8.3 introduces the functions of Union Types (union types) and static Return Type (static return types).

Union Types allow a type that does not have to be limited to a single class, but can be any one of multiple types. For example:

function sum(int|float $a, int|float $b): int|float {
  return $a + $b;
}

The static Return Type function can help determine the return type of a function, thereby increasing code analysis and type checking at compile time. For example:

function sum(int $a, int $b): int {
  return $a + $b;
}

This makes the code more readable and catches some common error types.

2. Improvements in match expressions

Match expressions (similar to switch statements) were introduced in PHP 8.0, but were improved in PHP 8.3 and can now be used with multiple conditions, such as:

$result = match (true) {
  ($x > 0) && ($y < 0) => "第一象限",
  ($x < 0) && ($y < 0) => "第二象限",
  ($x < 0) && ($y > 0) => "第三象限",
  ($x > 0) && ($y > 0) => "第四象限",
  default => "原点"
}

3. Higher-order element operators

PHP 8.3 adds the higher-order element operators "??>" and "??> =", used to handle null values ​​​​in arrays and objects. For example:

$myArray = [
  'name' => null, 
  'age' => 25, 
  'city' => null
];
$name = $myArray['name'] ??> '未知';
$age = $myArray['age'] ??> '未知';
$city = $myArray['city'] ??> '未知';

In the above code, if the key value in the $myArray array is null, it will be converted to the string "unknown" and assigned a value.

4. Further improvements to the JIT compiler

PHP 8.0 introduced the JIT (Just-In-Time) compiler, and PHP 8.3 improved it to make it more Efficient and stable. JIT can improve code execution speed, especially when processing large amounts of data. By adding compilation control options to the JIT compiler, developers can optimize program performance.

opcache.jit_buffer_size=100M
opcache.jit="tracing"
opcache.jit_debug=0

5. Other New Features

PHP 8.3 also brings many other new features, including:

• Implements Intersection Syntax: Allow implementation Multiple interfaces and nested types within a single class definition.
• session_set_cookie_params(): Allows setting the httponly and samesite attributes of the session cookie.
• array_is_list(): Check whether the array is a list type.
• Packed JSON Parser: Improves the speed of parsing JSON files and provides better error reporting.
• Better hook functions: Allow developers to override internal PHP functions and use them in PHP itself.

Summary

PHP 8.3 is a powerful version that brings many new features and performance improvements. New features include Union Types and static Return Types, improved match expressions, higher-order element operators, and an improved JIT compiler. These new features help improve development productivity, code quality, and speed execution when working with large amounts of data. In order to enjoy these advantages, developers are recommended to upgrade to PHP 8.3 as soon as possible.

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