MySQL中处理各种重复的一些方法_MySQL
有时表或结果集包含重复的记录。有时它是允许的,但有时它需要停止重复的记录。有时它需要识别重复的记录从表中删除。本章将介绍如何防止发生在一个表中重复的记录如何删除已经存在的重复记录。
防止重复表中的发生:
可以使用PRIMARY KEY或UNIQUE索引的表上相应的字段来防止重复的记录。让我们举一个例子,下面的表中不包含这样的索引或主键,所以它会允许记录first_name和last_name重复
CREATE TABLE person_tbl ( first_name CHAR(20), last_name CHAR(20), sex CHAR(10) );
可以使用PRIMARY KEY或UNIQUE索引的表上相应的字段防止重复的记录。让我们举一个例子,下面的表中不包含这样的索引或主键,所以它会允许重复first_name和last_name记录
CREATE TABLE person_tbl ( first_name CHAR(20) NOT NULL, last_name CHAR(20) NOT NULL, sex CHAR(10) PRIMARY KEY (last_name, first_name) );
表中的唯一索引的存在通常会导致错误的发生,如果表中插入一条记录,重复定义索引的列或列中的现有记录。
使用INSERT IGNORE而不是INSERT。如果记录不重复现有的记录,MySQL将插入它像往常一样。如果记录是重复IGNORE关键字告诉MySQL静静地抛弃它,而不会产生错误。
下面的示例中没有错误,同时也不会插入重复的记录。
mysql> INSERT IGNORE INTO person_tbl (last_name, first_name) -> VALUES( 'Jay', 'Thomas'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> INSERT IGNORE INTO person_tbl (last_name, first_name) -> VALUES( 'Jay', 'Thomas'); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
使用替换而不是INSERT。如果记录是新的它INSERT插入。如果它是一个重复的,新的记录将取代旧的:
mysql> REPLACE INTO person_tbl (last_name, first_name) -> VALUES( 'Ajay', 'Kumar'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> REPLACE INTO person_tbl (last_name, first_name) -> VALUES( 'Ajay', 'Kumar'); Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
使用REPLACE而不是INSERT。如果记录是新的它INSERT插入。如果它是一个重复的,新的记录将取代旧的:
强制唯一性的另一种方法是添加一个UNIQUE索引,而不是一个PRIMARY KEY表。
CREATE TABLE person_tbl ( first_name CHAR(20) NOT NULL, last_name CHAR(20) NOT NULL, sex CHAR(10) UNIQUE (last_name, first_name) );
计算和确定重复:
以下是查询数first_name和last_name表中的重复记录。
mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) as repetitions, last_name, first_name -> FROM person_tbl -> GROUP BY last_name, first_name -> HAVING repetitions > 1;
这个查询将返回一个列表的所有person_tbl表中重复的记录。在一般情况下,识别重复的值,请执行以下操作:
- 确定哪一列包含的值可能会重复。
- 在列选择列表中随着COUNT(*)列出的那些列。
- 以及在GROUP BY子句中列出的列。
- 新增的HAVING子句消除了独特的值要求的组数大于1。
消除重复查询结果:
可以使用DISTINCT与SELECT语句一起找出表中唯一的纪录。
mysql> SELECT DISTINCT last_name, first_name -> FROM person_tbl -> ORDER BY last_name;
DISTINCT是添加一个GROUP BY子句中命名的列,选择的另一种方法。这具有除去重复和只选择的独特的组合中的指定的列的值的效果:
mysql> SELECT last_name, first_name -> FROM person_tbl -> GROUP BY (last_name, first_name);
删除重复使用表更换:
如果在一个表中有重复的记录,想从该表中删除所有的重复记录,看看下面程序的例子。
mysql> CREATE TABLE tmp SELECT last_name, first_name, sex -> FROM person_tbl; -> GROUP BY (last_name, first_name); mysql> DROP TABLE person_tbl; mysql> ALTER TABLE tmp RENAME TO person_tbl;
从一个表中删除重复记录的一个简单的方法是添加KEY,表索引或PRIMAY。如果该表已经是可用的,那么使用此方法删除重复的记录。
mysql> ALTER IGNORE TABLE person_tbl -> ADD PRIMARY KEY (last_name, first_name);

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics



Backing up and restoring a MySQL database in PHP can be achieved by following these steps: Back up the database: Use the mysqldump command to dump the database into a SQL file. Restore database: Use the mysql command to restore the database from SQL files.

MySQL query performance can be optimized by building indexes that reduce lookup time from linear complexity to logarithmic complexity. Use PreparedStatements to prevent SQL injection and improve query performance. Limit query results and reduce the amount of data processed by the server. Optimize join queries, including using appropriate join types, creating indexes, and considering using subqueries. Analyze queries to identify bottlenecks; use caching to reduce database load; optimize PHP code to minimize overhead.

How to insert data into MySQL table? Connect to the database: Use mysqli to establish a connection to the database. Prepare the SQL query: Write an INSERT statement to specify the columns and values to be inserted. Execute query: Use the query() method to execute the insertion query. If successful, a confirmation message will be output.

To use MySQL stored procedures in PHP: Use PDO or the MySQLi extension to connect to a MySQL database. Prepare the statement to call the stored procedure. Execute the stored procedure. Process the result set (if the stored procedure returns results). Close the database connection.

Creating a MySQL table using PHP requires the following steps: Connect to the database. Create the database if it does not exist. Select a database. Create table. Execute the query. Close the connection.

One of the major changes introduced in MySQL 8.4 (the latest LTS release as of 2024) is that the "MySQL Native Password" plugin is no longer enabled by default. Further, MySQL 9.0 removes this plugin completely. This change affects PHP and other app

Setting up a MySQL connection pool using PHP can improve performance and scalability. The steps include: 1. Install the MySQLi extension; 2. Create a connection pool class; 3. Set the connection pool configuration; 4. Create a connection pool instance; 5. Obtain and release connections. With connection pooling, applications can avoid creating a new database connection for each request, thereby improving performance.

PHP provides the following methods to delete data in MySQL tables: DELETE statement: used to delete rows matching conditions from the table. TRUNCATETABLE statement: used to clear all data in the table, including auto-incremented IDs. Practical case: You can delete users from the database using HTML forms and PHP code. The form submits the user ID, and the PHP code uses the DELETE statement to delete the record matching the ID from the users table.
