Home Database Mysql Tutorial 简单介绍MySQL中索引的使用方法_MySQL

简单介绍MySQL中索引的使用方法_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:00 PM
mysql index

数据库索引是一个数据结构,提高操作的速度,在一个表中可以使用一个或多个列,提供两个快速随机查找和高效的顺序访问记录的基础创建索引。

在创建索引时,它应该被认为是将SQL查询的那些列上创建一个或多个索引的列。

实际上,指数也保持主键或索引字段和指针的实际表中每条记录的表型。

用户无法看到索引,它们只是用来加快查询速度,将用于数据库搜索引擎找到的记录速度非常快。

INSERT和UPDATE语句表上的索引需要更多的时间,成为快速对这些表的SELECT语句。究其原因是,当进行插入或更新,数据库以及需要惰性或更新索引值。
简单的唯一索引:

可以创建一个唯一索引的表。唯一的索引意味着两个行不能拥有相同的索引值。这里是语法来创建索引的表

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name ( column1, column2,...);

Copy after login

可以使用一个或多个列上创建索引。例如,我们可以创建一个索引的使用在表tutorials_tbl的tutorial_author列上

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX AUTHOR_INDEX
ON tutorials_tbl (tutorial_author)

Copy after login

可以创建一个简单的索引的表。只要省略UNIQUE关键字的查询创建一个简单的索引。简单的索引允许重复表中的值。

如果你想在一列以降序索引值,可以在列名后添加保留字DESC:

mysql> CREATE UNIQUE INDEX AUTHOR_INDEX
ON tutorials_tbl (tutorial_author DESC)

Copy after login

ALTER命令添加和删除索引:

有四种类型的语句表添加索引:

  • ALTER TABLE tbl_name ADD PRIMARY KEY (column_list) : 这条语句添加一个主键,这意味着索引值必须是唯一的,不能是NULL。
  • ALTER TABLE tbl_name ADD UNIQUE index_name (column_list): 这条语句创建一个索引,其值必须是唯一的(除NULL值,这可能会多次出现)。
  • ALTER TABLE tbl_name ADD INDEX index_name (column_list): 这增加了一个普通的索引,其中的任何值,可能会出现多于一次。
  • ALTER TABLE tbl_name ADD FULLTEXT index_name (column_list): 这将创建一个特殊的FULLTEXT索引,用于文本搜索的目的。

下面是这个例子,在现有的表添加索引。

mysql> ALTER TABLE testalter_tbl ADD INDEX (c);

Copy after login

可以删除任何INDEX通过使用DROP子句和使用ALTER命令。试试下面的例子上面创建的索引下降。

mysql> ALTER TABLE testalter_tbl DROP INDEX (c);

Copy after login

可以删除任何INDEX通过使用DROP子句t和使用ALTER命令。试试下面的例子上面创建的索引x。
ALTER命令来添加和删除PRIMARY KEY:

您可以添加主键,以及在相同的方式中。但要确保主键这是NOT NULL的列上。

这是在现有的表添加主键的例子。这将NOT NULL列,然后将其添加为一个主键。

mysql> ALTER TABLE testalter_tbl MODIFY i INT NOT NULL;
mysql> ALTER TABLE testalter_tbl ADD PRIMARY KEY (i);

Copy after login

可以使用ALTER命令删除主键如下:

mysql> ALTER TABLE testalter_tbl DROP PRIMARY KEY;

Copy after login

要删除索引,这不是一个PRIMARY KEY,所以必须指定索引的名称。
显示索引信息:

您可以使用SHOW INDEX命令,列出所有相关联的索引表。垂直格式输出(指定由\ G)往往是有用的这句话,以避免长时间行重叠:

试试下面的例子:

mysql> SHOW INDEX FROM table_name\G
........

Copy after login


Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning Apr 10, 2025 am 09:29 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system. 1) Create database and tables: Use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE commands. 2) Basic operations: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and SELECT. 3) Advanced operations: JOIN, subquery and transaction processing. 4) Debugging skills: Check syntax, data type and permissions. 5) Optimization suggestions: Use indexes, avoid SELECT* and use transactions.

How to open phpmyadmin How to open phpmyadmin Apr 10, 2025 pm 10:51 PM

You can open phpMyAdmin through the following steps: 1. Log in to the website control panel; 2. Find and click the phpMyAdmin icon; 3. Enter MySQL credentials; 4. Click "Login".

MySQL: An Introduction to the World's Most Popular Database MySQL: An Introduction to the World's Most Popular Database Apr 12, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

How to use single threaded redis How to use single threaded redis Apr 10, 2025 pm 07:12 PM

Redis uses a single threaded architecture to provide high performance, simplicity, and consistency. It utilizes I/O multiplexing, event loops, non-blocking I/O, and shared memory to improve concurrency, but with limitations of concurrency limitations, single point of failure, and unsuitable for write-intensive workloads.

Why Use MySQL? Benefits and Advantages Why Use MySQL? Benefits and Advantages Apr 12, 2025 am 12:17 AM

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

MySQL's Place: Databases and Programming MySQL's Place: Databases and Programming Apr 13, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen

MySQL and SQL: Essential Skills for Developers MySQL and SQL: Essential Skills for Developers Apr 10, 2025 am 09:30 AM

MySQL and SQL are essential skills for developers. 1.MySQL is an open source relational database management system, and SQL is the standard language used to manage and operate databases. 2.MySQL supports multiple storage engines through efficient data storage and retrieval functions, and SQL completes complex data operations through simple statements. 3. Examples of usage include basic queries and advanced queries, such as filtering and sorting by condition. 4. Common errors include syntax errors and performance issues, which can be optimized by checking SQL statements and using EXPLAIN commands. 5. Performance optimization techniques include using indexes, avoiding full table scanning, optimizing JOIN operations and improving code readability.

Monitor Redis Droplet with Redis Exporter Service Monitor Redis Droplet with Redis Exporter Service Apr 10, 2025 pm 01:36 PM

Effective monitoring of Redis databases is critical to maintaining optimal performance, identifying potential bottlenecks, and ensuring overall system reliability. Redis Exporter Service is a powerful utility designed to monitor Redis databases using Prometheus. This tutorial will guide you through the complete setup and configuration of Redis Exporter Service, ensuring you seamlessly build monitoring solutions. By studying this tutorial, you will achieve fully operational monitoring settings

See all articles