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How to use strncpy

Nov 28, 2023 am 11:13 AM
strncpy

strncpy是C语言中的一个函数,用于将一个字符串复制到另一个字符串中,且可以指定复制的字符数。其函数原型如下:

char *strncpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n);
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这个函数的参数解释如下:

  • dest:目标字符串,即要复制到的位置。
  • src:源字符串,即要从中复制的字符串。
  • n:要复制的最大字符数(包括空字符 '\0')。

strncpy 函数将 src 字符串的前 n 个字符复制到 dest 字符串中。如果 src 的长度小于 n,那么在 dest 字符串的剩余部分会填充 '\0'。否则,dest 将不会以 '\0' 结尾。

下面是一个简单的例子:

#include <stdio.h>  
#include <string.h>  
  
int main() {  
    char dest[20];  
    const char *src = "Hello, World!";  
    strncpy(dest, src, 5);  
    dest[5] = '\0'; // 确保 dest 以 '\0' 结尾  
    printf("%s\n", dest); // 输出 "Hello"  
    return 0;  
}
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在这个例子中,我们使用 strncpy 将 src 字符串的前5个字符复制到 dest 字符串。由于我们确保了 dest[5] 是 '\0',所以打印 dest 时只输出到第一个 '\0'。这样,输出的字符串就是 "Hello"。

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