mysql编码设置_MySQL
mysql编码设置
MYSQL 2009-09-11 15:37 阅读73 评论1 字号: 大大 中中 小小
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_set_%'; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation_%'; +----------------------+-------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-------------------+ | collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci | +----------------------+-------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
默认就是瑞典latin1,一下是换成我们自己的编码,如utf8:
外部访问数据乱码的问题就出在这个connection连接层上,解决方法是在发送查询前执行一下下面这句:
1. SET NAMES 'utf8';
它相当于下面的三句指令:
SET character_set_client = utf8; SET character_set_results = utf8; SET character_set_connection = utf8;
一般只有在访问之前执行这个代码就解决问题了,下面是创建数据库和数据表的,设置为我们自己的编码格式。
2. 创建数据库
mysql> create database name character set utf8;
3. 创建表
CREATE TABLE `type` ( `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `flag_deleted` enum('Y','N') character set utf8 NOT NULL default 'N', `flag_type` int(5) NOT NULL default '0', `type_name` varchar(50) character set utf8 NOT NULL default '', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
4. 修改数据库成utf8的.
mysql> alter database name character set utf8;
5. 修改表默认用utf8.
mysql> alter table type character set utf8;
6. 修改字段用utf8
mysql> alter table type modify type_name varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8;
===================================================================
最近开始使用MySql,以前都是用Oracle,嫌太贵了,呵呵
编码算是MySql最难弄的问题了,研究了一下,总结点结果,部分来自其他人的经验,如有不妥之处,请踊跃叽歪啊。。。
设置步骤:
一、编辑MySql的配置文件
MySql的配置文件Windows下一般在系统目录下或者在MySql的安装目录下名字叫my.ini,可以搜索,Linux下一般是 /etc/my.cnf
--在 [mysqld] 标签下加上三行 default-character-set = utf8 character_set_server = utf8 lower_case_table_names = 1 //表名不区分大小写(此与编码无关) --在 [mysql] 标签下加上一行 default-character-set = utf8 --在 [mysql.server]标签下加上一行 default-character-set = utf8 --在 [mysqld_safe]标签下加上一行 default-character-set = utf8 --在 [client]标签下加上一行 default-character-set = utf8
二、重新启动MySql服务
Windows可在服务管理器中操作,也可使用命令行:
net stop mysql 回车
net start mysql 回车
服务名可能不一定为mysql,请按自己的设置
Linux下面可是用 service mysql restart
如果出现启动失败,请检查配置文件有没有设置错误
三、查看设置结果
登录MySql命令行客户端:打开命令行
mysql –uroot –p 回车
输入密码
进入mysql后 执行 :show variables like "%char%";
显示结果应该类似如下:
| character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
如果仍有编码不是utf8的,请检查配置文件,也可使用mysql命令设置:
set character_set_client = utf8; set character_set_server = utf8; set character_set_connection = utf8; set character_set_database = utf8; set character_set_results = utf8; set collation_connection = utf8_general_ci; set collation_database = utf8_general_ci; set collation_server = utf8_general_ci;
以上命令有部分只对当前登录有效,所以不是很管用。
四、建库导入数据
导入sql脚本文件前,先确保该脚本文件及内容格式为UTF-8编码格式,
同以上方法登入mysql命令行,use 库名 进入相应数据库
set names utf8;
source sql脚本文件名;
五、程序连接字符串(此项与mysql设置无关,为程序开发使用)
对于较老的jdbc版本的驱动,连接字符创可使用一下相似格式:
jdbc:mysql://127.0.1:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
六、附录
如果无法更改数据库配置文件,可以采取一下方法(不保证全部有效):
1、建数据库时设置数据库编码为utf-8
例如 create database `test` default character set utf8;
2、导入数据库sql的时候,请确保sql文件为utf-8编码
进入mysql命令行后 输入 set names utf8;
再进入数据库 use test;
在导入sql脚本 source test.sql;
3、连接字符串类似如下:(开发相关,非数据库设置)
jdbc:mysql://127.0.1:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8

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