What is the interface in golang

The interface in Go language, that is, "interface" is a type that defines a set of methods. The interface is an abstract type that describes the behavior of the object without caring about the specific type of the object. As long as a type implements all methods defined by an interface, it is said to implement the interface. Using interfaces can improve the flexibility of the code, making the code more modular and extensible. Through interfaces, more general and flexible code can be written, making Programs are easier to understand and maintain.

# Operating system for this tutorial: Windows 10 system, Dell G3 computer.

In the Go language, an interface is a type that defines a set of methods. An interface is an abstract type that describes the behavior of an object without caring about its concrete type. A type is said to implement an interface as long as it implements all the methods defined by the interface.

The definition of the interface is as follows:

type myInterface interface {
    Method1() returnType1
    Method2(parameterType) returnType2
    // ...
}

where, myInterface is the name of the interface, and the methods contained in the interface are listed in curly brackets. Each method has a name, parameter list, and return value list. In an interface, no variables are included.

For example, we define a simple interface Shape, which contains a method to calculate the area and a method to calculate the perimeter:

type Shape interface {
    Area() float64
    Perimeter() float64
}

The interface is a contract. When a type implements If all the methods defined by an interface are found, then we can say that this type implements this interface. This implementation is implicit and does not need to be explicitly declared.

For example, if we have a type Circle that contains methods for calculating area and perimeter, then we can say that the Circle type implements the Shape interface:

type Circle struct {
    radius float64
}

func (c Circle) Area() float64 {
    return math.Pi * c.radius * c.radius
}

func (c Circle) Perimeter() float64 {
    return 2 * math.Pi * c.radius
}

In the above example, Circle The type implements the Area() and Perimeter() methods defined by the Shape interface, so we can say that the Circle type implements the Shape interface.

Using interfaces can improve the flexibility of the code and make the code more modular and extensible. Through interfaces, we can write more general and flexible code, making the program easier to understand and maintain.

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