How to develop Websocket applications using Go language

Developing Websocket applications using Go language

Websocket is a network protocol that supports full-duplex communication. It allows the server to actively send data to the client without The client needs to initiate a request first.

The Go language has very complete support for Websocket and provides a standard library "golang.org/x/net/websocket" in "net/http" package with which we can easily develop Websocket applications.

The following will introduce how to use Go language to develop a simple Websocket application and provide specific code examples.

First, we need to import the corresponding package:

import(
   "fmt"
   "net/http"
   "golang.org/x/net/websocket"
)

Next, we define a handleWebsocket function to handle Websocket requests. The parameter of this function is a websocket.Conn type parameter, which represents the connection established with the client.

func handleWebsocket(ws *websocket.Conn) {
   // 在此处理Websocket连接
}

Inside the handleWebsocket function, we can write our own business logic, such as processing client messages and sending responses.

Here is a simple example that will receive the message sent by the client and send it back to the client unchanged:

func handleWebsocket(ws *websocket.Conn) {
   for {
      var message string
      err := websocket.Message.Receive(ws, &message)
      if err != nil {
         break
      }
      
      fmt.Println("Received message:", message)
      
      err = websocket.Message.Send(ws, message)
      if err != nil {
         break
      }
   }
}

Next, we use http.Handle function to register the handleWebsocket function so that it can respond to Websocket requests:

func main() {
   http.Handle("/websocket", websocket.Handler(handleWebsocket))
   http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

In the above code, we register the handleWebsocket function as "/ The processing function under the websocket" path.

Finally, we use the http.ListenAndServe function to start the web server and listen to the specified port.

Now, we can compile and run our Websocket application. Visit http://localhost:8080/websocket in the browser, open the console of the developer tools, and you will see the Websocket connection established with the server.

Through the console, we can send messages to the server and receive messages returned by the server in real time.

To sum up, we can easily develop Websocket applications using Go language. Go language provides powerful standard library support, allowing us to quickly build efficient real-time communication applications. I hope this article can help you get started and have a deeper understanding of Websocket development in Go language.

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