How to implement route grouping in Go language

Go language is a simple and efficient programming language that is also widely used in the field of Web development. In web development, routing is an essential part. Routing grouping is a more advanced routing function, which can make the code clearer and concise, and improve the readability and maintainability of the code.

This article will introduce in detail how to implement routing grouping in Go language from both the principle and code implementation.

1. The principle of grouping

Route grouping is equivalent to grouping some routes with similar characteristics for management. For example, we can group all API routes into an API group and all background management routes into an Admin group.

When implementing routing grouping, we need to first define a routing grouping structure, as shown below:

type RouteGroup struct {

pathPrefix string
router     *mux.Router

}

Among them, pathPrefix represents the prefix of the routing group, and router is the router instance.

Next, we can define some methods in the RouteGroup structure, such as Get(), Post(), Put(), Delete(), etc. The function of these methods is to add processing functions to the specified route. As shown below:

func (rg *RouteGroup) Get(path string, handler http.HandlerFunc) {

rg.router.HandleFunc(rg.pathPrefix+path, handler).Methods("GET")

}

func (rg *RouteGroup) Post(path string, handler http.HandlerFunc) {

rg.router.HandlerFunc(rg.pathPrefix+path, handler).Methods("POST")

}

...

In routing grouping, use Get(), Post(), Put(), Delete () and other methods, you can add a processing function to the specified route, as shown below:

apiHandler := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {

fmt.Fprintln(w, "This is API handler!")

}
AdminHandler := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {

fmt.Fprintln(w, "This is Admin handler!")

}

// Create router
r := mux.NewRouter()

// Create API routing group
apiGroup := &RouteGroup{pathPrefix: "/api", router: r}
apiGroup.Get("/articles", apiHandler)
apiGroup.Post ("/articles", apiHandler)

// Create a background management routing group
adminGroup := &RouteGroup{pathPrefix: "/admin", router: r}
adminGroup.Get("/articles ", AdminHandler)
adminGroup.Post("/articles", AdminHandler)

Through the above code, we successfully created two routing groups, namely the API routing group and the background management routing group.

2. Code Implementation

Next, we will use a complete code example to demonstrate how to implement routing grouping in the Go language.

First, we need to install router mux, which can be installed through the following command:

go get -u github.com/gorilla/mux

The following code demonstrates How to create routers and routing groups through mux:

package main

import (

"net/http"

"github.com/gorilla/mux"

)

func main() {

r := mux.NewRouter()

// 创建API路由分组
apiGroup := &RouteGroup{pathPrefix: "/api", router: r.PathPrefix("/api").Subrouter()}
apiGroup.Get("/articles", apiHandler)
apiGroup.Post("/articles", apiHandler)

// 创建后台管理路由分组
adminGroup := &RouteGroup{pathPrefix: "/admin", router: r.PathPrefix("/admin").Subrouter()}
adminGroup.Get("/articles", AdminHandler)
adminGroup.Post("/articles", AdminHandler)

http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r)

}

In the above code, we created two routing groups (apiGroup and adminGroup) through the PathPrefix() method, and then added them to the router r using the Subrouter() method.

Next, we need to implement the Get(), Post() and Put() methods in the RouteGroup type to add processing functions for the specified route. The complete code is as follows:

package main

import (

"fmt"
"net/http"

"github.com/gorilla/mux"

)

type RouteGroup struct {

pathPrefix string
router     *mux.Router

}

func (rg *RouteGroup) Get(path string, handler http.HandlerFunc) {

rg.router.HandleFunc(fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", rg.pathPrefix, path), handler).Methods(http.MethodGet)

}

func (rg *RouteGroup) Post(path string, handler http.HandlerFunc ) {

rg.router.HandleFunc(fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", rg.pathPrefix, path), handler).Methods(http.MethodPost)

}

func (rg *RouteGroup) Put(path string, handler http.HandlerFunc) {

rg.router.HandleFunc(fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", rg.pathPrefix, path), handler).Methods(http.MethodPut)

}

func apiHandler( w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {

fmt.Fprintf(w, "This is API handler!")

}

func AdminHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {

fmt.Fprintf(w, "This is Admin handler!")

}

func main() {

r := mux.NewRouter()

// 创建API路由分组
apiGroup := &RouteGroup{pathPrefix: "/api", router: r.PathPrefix("/api").Subrouter()}
apiGroup.Get("/articles", apiHandler)
apiGroup.Post("/articles", apiHandler)

// 创建后台管理路由分组
adminGroup := &RouteGroup{pathPrefix: "/admin", router: r.PathPrefix("/admin").Subrouter()}
adminGroup.Get("/articles", AdminHandler)
adminGroup.Post("/articles", AdminHandler)

http.ListenAndServe(":8080", r)

}

Through the above code implementation, we successfully created the routing group and specified the processing function for each route.

Summary:

This article introduces how to implement route grouping in Go language. We first talked about the principle of route grouping, that is, through custom structures and methods, assign the same value to a group of routes. processing function, and all routing packets are managed through a router. Next, we demonstrated in detail how to use mux to implement route grouping and gave a complete code example. I hope this article can help readers better understand the implementation of routing grouping in Go language.

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