Effective method to solve Tomcat garbled problem

Troubled by Tomcat garbled code? These solutions can help!

Introduction:
When developing web applications, we often encounter the problem of Tomcat garbled characters, which will cause garbled characters to appear in the pages displayed in the browser, giving users a bad experience. This article will introduce some common Tomcat garbled problems and corresponding solutions, and will also provide specific code examples for demonstration and explanation.

1. Chinese garbled code problem in GET request:
   When we use the GET method to submit a form, if the form contains Chinese characters, garbled code problems are likely to occur. This is because the GET request passes parameters through the URL, and the URL only supports the ASCII character set.

The solution is as follows:
In Tomcat's server.xml configuration file, find the Connector configuration item and add the URIEncoding="UTF-8" attribute. The example is as follows:

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
           connectionTimeout="20000"
           redirectPort="8443"
           URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>

2. Chinese garbled characters in the POST request:
   When we use the POST method to submit the form, if the parameter value received by the server is garbled, it may be because the server did not correctly parse the encoding format in the request.

The solution is as follows:
In the server-side Servlet, specify the request encoding format by setting request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"). The example is as follows:

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    //处理请求...
}

3. Chinese garbled code problem in database storage:
   When we store Chinese data in the database, we sometimes encounter garbled code problems. This is because the character set used by the database by default does not support Chinese characters.

The solution is as follows:
When creating the database, specify the use of UTF-8 character set, the example is as follows:

CREATE DATABASE your_database_name CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

When creating the table, specify the use of UTF-8 characters Set, the example is as follows:

CREATE TABLE your_table_name (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    name VARCHAR(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci
);

When connecting to the database, specify the UTF-8 character set, the example is as follows:

String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/your_database_name?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8";
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "your_username", "your_password");

4. Chinese garbled problem in string processing:
   In Java code, if you need to process strings, especially when you need to operate on Chinese characters, you may also encounter garbled characters.

The solution is as follows:
Before processing the string, use the correct encoding format to encode it. The example is as follows:

String str = "中文字符";
byte[] bytes = str.getBytes("UTF-8");
// 对bytes进行处理...

When outputting the string, use the correct encoding format. Decode it in the encoding format, the example is as follows:

byte[] bytes = ...; // 经过处理得到的字节数组
String str = new String(bytes, "UTF-8");
System.out.println(str);

Summary:
Tomcat garbled code problem is one of the common problems when developing web applications. Correctly setting the encoding configuration of Tomcat, the encoding setting of Servlet, and the character set of the database can effectively solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters. At the same time, encoding and decoding strings in Java code cannot be ignored.

We hope that the solutions and sample codes provided in this article can help readers solve the problem of Tomcat garbled characters and improve the user experience of web applications. If you have any questions about this article or need further discussion, please feel free to leave a message.

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