When does static relocation occur?
静态重定位是计算机编程中的一个重要概念,它指的是在程序加载时,将程序中的符号(函数名、全局变量等)绑定到实际的内存地址上的过程。在编译器完成编译后,生成的可执行文件中存储了程序的二进制代码和相关的符号信息。而静态重定位则是在程序运行之前,根据实际的内存布局,将这些符号绑定到正确的内存地址上,以确保程序在执行时能够正确地访问这些符号所在的内存位置。
静态重定位通常在操作系统加载可执行文件时发生。当一个可执行文件被加载到内存中时,操作系统会解析可执行文件的结构,将程序的代码段和数据段等内容放置在合适的内存地址上。同时,操作系统也会查找并解析可执行文件中存储的符号表,将其中的符号与内存中的地址进行绑定。
下面以一个简单的C语言程序为例,来具体说明静态重定位的过程。假设我们有以下的C语言程序,保存为example.c
文件:
#include <stdio.h> int globalVar = 10; void func() { printf("Hello, world! "); } int main() { func(); printf("The value of globalVar is: %d ", globalVar); return 0; }
我们可以通过GCC编译器将其编译为可执行文件。打开终端,进入文件所在的目录,输入以下命令:
gcc -o example example.c
编译完成后,我们得到了一个名为example
的可执行文件。这个可执行文件中包含了程序的二进制代码以及相关的符号信息。
接下来,我们通过objdump
命令查看这个可执行文件的内容,输入以下命令:
objdump -d example
运行后可以看到类似以下的输出:
... 0804860d <func>: 804860d: 55 push %ebp 804860e: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp 8048610: 83 ec 10 sub $0x10,%esp 8048613: c7 04 24 20 87 04 08 movl $0x8048720,(%esp) 804861a: e8 d1 fe ff ff call 80484f0 <puts@plt> 804861f: c9 leave 8048620: c3 ret 08048621 <main>: 8048621: 55 push %ebp 8048622: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp 8048624: 83 ec 10 sub $0x10,%esp 8048627: e8 e1 ff ff ff call 804860d <func> 804862c: 8d 05 fc ff ff ff lea -0x4(%ebp),%eax 8048632: 8b 00 mov (%eax),%eax 8048634: 50 push %eax 8048635: 8d 45 f4 lea -0xc(%ebp),%eax 8048638: 50 push %eax 8048639: 68 00 88 04 08 push $0x8048800 804863e: e8 7d fe ff ff call 804841e <printf@plt> 8048643: 83 c4 10 add $0x10,%esp 8048646: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax 804864b: c9 leave 804864c: c3 ret ...
上述代码是通过objdump
生成的可执行文件的汇编代码。在这段汇编代码中,我们可以看到func
函数和main
函数的定义和具体实现。在main
函数内部,有一行代码call 804860d <func></func>
,这表示程序会调用func
函数。而在func
函数的开头也有一行代码movl $0x8048720,(%esp)
,这表示程序将$0x8048720
的值存储到栈顶。
现在我们来分析一下这里的符号和地址的关系。在main
函数中,我们需要调用func
函数,而func
函数的地址是0x0804860d
,这个地址是与机器码相关的实际内存地址。在这个例子中,静态重定位的过程就是将call
指令中的804860d
换成实际的内存地址0x0804860d
的过程。
运行可执行文件时,操作系统会读取这个可执行文件,将其加载到内存中。在这个过程中,操作系统会找到程序中的符号和这些符号对应的内存地址,将程序与库函数进行链接,最终生成一个可执行的进程。通过这个过程,静态重定位完成,符号与内存地址之间建立了正确的映射关系。
总的来说,静态重定位是计算机程序在加载和运行时的重要步骤。它的目的是为了确保程序能够正确地访问需要的符号,并将其绑定到正确的内存地址上。通过这个过程,程序能够在运行时正常执行,实现预期的功能。
The above is the detailed content of When does static relocation occur?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics



In-depth analysis of the role and usage of the static keyword in C language. In C language, static is a very important keyword, which can be used in the definition of functions, variables and data types. Using the static keyword can change the link attributes, scope and life cycle of the object. Let’s analyze the role and usage of the static keyword in C language in detail. Static variables and functions: Variables defined using the static keyword inside a function are called static variables, which have a global life cycle

The role and application scenarios of private static methods in PHP In PHP programming, a private static method is a special method type. It can only be accessed within the class in which it is defined and cannot be directly called from the outside. Private static methods are usually used for the internal logic implementation of a class, providing a way to encapsulate and hide details. At the same time, they have the characteristics of static methods and can be called without instantiating the class object. The following will discuss the role and application scenarios of private static methods, and provide specific code examples. Function: encapsulate and hide implementation details: private static

Fast static relative positioning is a very important positioning method in web development. It allows an element to be slightly adjusted relative to its normal position while still maintaining its position in the document flow. In this article, I will introduce in detail the use of fast static relative positioning, as well as some common application scenarios. First, we need to understand the basic concepts of fast static relative positioning. In CSS, there are four ways to position elements: static positioning, relative positioning, absolute positioning and fixed positioning. Static positioning is the default positioning method. The position of the element is determined by the document.

Principles and Applications of Static Relocation Technology Introduction: In modern computer systems, memory management is a very important topic. As the complexity and size of software increases, memory constraints become a challenge. In order to utilize memory resources more efficiently, static relocation technology came into being. This article will introduce the principles and applications of static relocation technology and provide some specific code examples. 1. Principle of static relocation technology Static relocation is a method of moving program code and data from one logical address space to another logical address space.

How to use fast static relative positioning to optimize page layout. With the development of the Internet, web design has become more and more important. A good page layout improves user experience and improves the usability and accessibility of your website. Fast static relative positioning is a commonly used layout technique that can effectively optimize page layout. This article will introduce how to use fast static relative positioning to optimize page layout. Fast static relative positioning is a layout technology based on CSS. By using the "position" attribute in the CSS style sheet, it can be used without affecting the text.

The timing of static relocation is before the program is loaded into memory. In the operating system, when an executable file is loaded into memory, the address reference in the program needs to be modified to the actual memory address based on the relocation information contained in the executable file. This process is static relocation. Static relocation is to solve the problem of address space. When an executable file is executed, the operating system loads it into a location in memory. However, the address reference in the executable file is relative to the file itself. If the address is not relocated,

Detailed explanation of Go language features: Learn about the language features of Go in one article. The Go language is an open source programming language developed by Google that is statically typed, compiled, concurrent, and has garbage collection capabilities. Since its release in 2009, the Go language has been loved by programmers for its efficient concurrency processing capabilities, concise syntax, and fast compilation speed. This article will introduce some of the main features of the Go language in detail, and help readers better understand these features through specific code examples. One of the biggest features of concurrent programming Go language is its native

Golang, or Go language, is a programming language developed by Google and has been loved by developers since its inception. Golang has unique design concepts and advantages that enable it to perform well in fields such as large-scale concurrent programs, network programming, and cloud computing. This article will explore the unique features and advantages of Golang and demonstrate these features through specific code examples. 1. Concurrent programming Golang naturally supports concurrent programming. Through the two major features of goroutine and channel, developers can easily
