Practical Tips: Solving Tomcat Log Encoding Issues

Practical tips for solving garbled Tomcat logs

Abstract: In the process of using Tomcat as a Java Web application server, we often encounter the problem of garbled logs. This article will introduce some practical techniques to help solve the problem of garbled Tomcat logs and improve the efficiency of development and debugging.

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1. Set Tomcat’s character encoding
   In Tomcat’s configuration file server.xml, we can find the following code:

       connectionTimeout="20000"
       redirectPort="8443" />

Add URIEncoding="UTF-8" in this code block to set Tomcat's internal character encoding to UTF-8.

       connectionTimeout="20000"
       redirectPort="8443" 
       URIEncoding="UTF-8" />

Doing this ensures that the requests received by Tomcat and the responses sent are encoded in UTF-8 to avoid The problem of Chinese garbled characters.

2. Set the character encoding of the application
   In web.xml, add the following code:

<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
    <param-name>encoding</param-name>
    <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>

<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

The above code uses the CharacterEncodingFilter filter to set the applied character encoding to UTF-8. This ensures that all characters within the application are encoded in UTF-8.

3. Modify Tomcat startup script
   Tomcat startup script is usually a file ending with sh or bat. Find the following code in the file:

set JAVA_OPTS= %JAVA_OPTS% %JSSE_OPTS% --> After this line of code
Add the following code:

set JAVA_OPTS=%JAVA_OPTS% -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8

This way You can set the JVM's file encoding to UTF-8 to ensure that Tomcat will not have garbled characters when reading and writing files.

4. Modify the Log4j configuration file
   If you use Log4j to record logs, you can add the following code in the log4j.properties (or log4j.xml) file:

log4j .appender.FILE.encoding=UTF-8

This ensures that the encoding of the log file is UTF-8 and avoids garbled log output.

5. Use unified character encoding specifications
   When developing Java, try to comply with the use of UTF-8 as the character encoding of source code files. When writing a Java source code file, you can add the following comments to the header of the file:

// -- coding: UTF-8 --

Doing this tells the editor and compiler that the character encoding of the source code file is UTF-8. Ensure that the character encoding of source code files is consistent with Tomcat, applications, and other components.

Summary:
Tomcat log garbled problem is a relatively common problem in Java Web application development. This article provides some practical tips for this problem. By setting the character encoding of Tomcat and applications, modifying the startup script and Log4j configuration file, you can effectively solve the problem of garbled Tomcat logs and improve the efficiency of development and debugging. At the same time, it is recommended to uniformly use UTF-8 as the character encoding specification during the development process to ensure that the character encoding between various components is consistent and avoid garbled characters.

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