Capacity expansion of xfs file system in LVM

Introduction

I have never been exposed to CentOS 7 before and do not understand the features it has changed. I accidentally came into contact with LVM in centos 7. The method of creating LVM is the same as that in 6, but the expansion of LVM is a little different. However, the expansion using the previous method never took effect. It took me a long time to figure out the expansion method. Xfs is the default file system type of CentOS7, and different file system types have different creation, inspection, and adjustment commands.

Xfs is the default file system type of CentOS7, and different file system types have different creation, inspection, and adjustment commands.

In the xfs file system, the partition can only be increased but not reduced.

[root@localhost ~]# ls /lib//modules/3.10.0-229.20.1.el7.x86_64/kernel/fs   #查看内核所支持的所有文件系统类型
binfmt_misc.ko  ceph    dlm    fat      gfs2   lockd       nfs_common  overlayfs  udf
btrfs           cifs    exofs  fscache  isofs  mbcache.ko  nfsd        pstore     xfs
cachefiles      cramfs  ext4   fuse     jbd2   nfs         nls         squashfs

I have previously created a new partition and added it to vg, and the physical boundaries have also been expanded.

When extending the logical boundary, the error is reported as follows:

[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/centos-root     
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block 当尝试打开 /dev/mapper/centos-root 时
找不到有效的文件系统超级块.

First I thought of using fsck to repair it, but it didn’t work. After seeing the error message, I realized that the xfs file needs to be repaired using xfs_repair

[root@localhost ~]# fsck /dev/mapper/centos-root      
fsck，来自 util-linux 2.23.2
If you wish to check the consistency of an XFS filesystem or
repair a damaged filesystem, see xfs_repair(8).

Then try to repair it, but it doesn't work. You need to uninstall it to repair it. This file system is mounted under /, so don't even think about it.

[root@localhost ~]# xfs_repair /dev/mapper/centos-root 
xfs_repair: /dev/mapper/centos-root contains a mounted filesystem
xfs_repair: /dev/mapper/centos-root contains a mounted and writable filesystem
 
fatal error -- couldn't initialize XFS library

Finally, after some research on the Internet, I found out that after the logical expansion of the xfs file system, there is still one more step to complete:

[root@localhost ~]# lvs
  LV   VG     Attr       LSize  Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  root centos -wi-ao---- 95.00g                                                    
  swap centos -wi-ao----  3.88g             
[root@localhost ~]# df  -lh
文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root   46G   42G  4.5G   91% /   ------------>46G
devtmpfs                 1.9G     0  1.9G    0% /dev
tmpfs                    1.9G  164K  1.9G    1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    1.9G  8.7M  1.9G    1% /run
tmpfs                    1.9G     0  1.9G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                497M  208M  290M   42% /boot                                       
[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root      #执行调整,扩展后需要执行此步骤
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=2987776 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0        finobt=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=11951104, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=5835, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 11951104 to 24903680
 
[root@localhost ~]# df -lh
文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root   95G   42G   54G   44% /      ------------>已经完成扩展
devtmpfs                 1.9G     0  1.9G    0% /dev
tmpfs                    1.9G  164K  1.9G    1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    1.9G  8.7M  1.9G    1% /run
tmpfs                    1.9G     0  1.9G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                497M  208M  290M   42% /boot

xfs related common commands

xfs_admin: 调整 xfs 文件系统的各种参数  
xfs_copy: 拷贝 xfs 文件系统的内容到一个或多个目标系统（并行方式）  
xfs_db: 调试或检测 xfs 文件系统（查看文件系统碎片等）  
xfs_check: 检测 xfs 文件系统的完整性  
xfs_bmap: 查看一个文件的块映射  
xfs_repair: 尝试修复受损的 xfs 文件系统  
xfs_fsr: 碎片整理  
xfs_quota: 管理 xfs 文件系统的磁盘配额  
xfs_metadump: 将 xfs 文件系统的元数据 (metadata) 拷贝到一个文件中  
xfs_mdrestore: 从一个文件中将元数据 (metadata) 恢复到 xfs 文件系统  
xfs_growfs: 调整一个 xfs 文件系统大小（只能扩展）  
xfs_freeze    暂停（-f）和恢复（-u）xfs 文件系统
xfs_logprint: 打印xfs文件系统的日志  
xfs_mkfile: 创建xfs文件系统  
xfs_info: 查询文件系统详细信息  
xfs_ncheck: generate pathnames from i-numbers for XFS  
xfs_rtcp: XFS实时拷贝命令   
xfs_io: 调试xfs I/O路径

Notice:
After using the mke2fs command on the Xfs file system, it becomes ext2. You need to modify the corresponding file system type in the file /etc/fstab!

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