Home Database Mysql Tutorial Mysql中LAST_INSERT_ID()的函数使用详解_MySQL

Mysql中LAST_INSERT_ID()的函数使用详解_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:04 PM
mysql

最近和Sobin在做一个精品课程的项目,因为用到一个固定的id作为表间关联,所以在前一个表插入数据后要把插入数据生成的自增id传递给下一个表。研究了一番决定使用Mysql提供了一个LAST_INSERT_ID()的函数。

代码如下:


LAST_INSERT_ID() (with no argument) returns the first automatically generated value that was set for an AUTO_INCREMENT column by the most recently executed INSERT or UPDATE statement to affect such a column. For example, after inserting a row that generates an AUTO_INCREMENT value, you can get the value like this:
mysql> SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID();
-> 195

简单说来,就是这个函数将返回插入的那条记录在表中自增的那个字段的值,一般我们都给那个自增字段命名为ID。这样就可以返回刚插入的记录的ID值了。

一个简单的例子:

代码如下:


$query="INSERT INTO `testtable` (`clou1`,`clou2`) VALUES ('testvalue','test')";
mysql_query($query);
$query="SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID()";
$result=mysql_query($query);
$rows=mysql_fetch_row($result);
echo $rows[0];

这个函数是基于connection的,也就是不会被其他客户端的connection影响到,所以结果是准确的。如果使用select max(id) from table,在高密度的插入请求下,是有可能出问题的,返回错误值

LAST_INSERT_ID说明

从名字可以看出,LAST_INSERT_ID即为最后插入的ID值,根据MySQL的官方手册说明,它有2种使用方法

一是不带参数:LAST_INSERT_ID(),这种方法和AUTO_INCREMENT属性一起使用,当往带有‘AUTO_INCREMENT'属性字段的表中新增记录时,LAST_INSERT_ID()即返回该字段的值,大家可试下(我已经验证过);
二是带有表达式:如上面介绍的LAST_INSERT_ID(value+1),它返回的是表达式的值,即‘value+1';
##################################
LAST_INSERT_ID() 自动返回最后一个INSERT或 UPDATE 查询中 AUTO_INCREMENT列设置的第一个表发生的值。

MySQL的LAST_INSERT_ID的注意事项:

第一、查询和插入所使用的Connection对象必须是同一个才可以,否则返回值是不可预料的。

mysql> SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID();

        -> 100

使用这函数向一个给定Connection对象返回的值是该Connection对象产生对影响AUTO_INCREMENT列的最新语句第一个AUTO_INCREMENT值的。这个值不能被其它Connection对象的影响,即它们产生它们自己的AUTO_INCREMENT值。

第二、LAST_INSERT_ID 是与table无关的,如果向表a插入数据后,再向表b插入数据,LAST_INSERT_ID返回表b中的Id值。

第三、 假如你使用一条INSERT语句插入多个行,  LAST_INSERT_ID() 只返回插入的第一行数据时产生的值。其原因是这使依靠其它服务器复制同样的 INSERT语句变得简单。

mysql> INSERT INTO t VALUES

    -> (NULL, ‘Mary'), (NULL, ‘Jane'), (NULL, ‘Lisa');

mysql> SELECT * FROM t;

| id | name |

+—-+——+

|  1 | Bob  |

|  2 | Mary |

|  3 | Jane |

|  4 | Lisa |

mysql> SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID();  //这就是我要说明的关键问题。

| LAST_INSERT_ID() |

|                2 |

虽然将3 个新行插入 t, 对这些行的第一行产生的 ID 为 2, 这也是 LAST_INSERT_ID()返回的值。

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