Home > Database > Mysql Tutorial > body text

MySQL如何优化GROUP BY

WBOY
Release: 2016-06-01 13:06:56
Original
825 people have browsed it

执行GROUP BY子句的最一般的方法:先扫描整个表,然后创建一个新的临时表,表中每个组的所有行应为连续的,最后使用该临时表来找到组

并应用聚集函数(如果有聚集函数)。在某些情况中,MySQL通过访问索引就可以得到结果,而不用创建临时表。此类查询的 EXPLAIN 输出显示 Extra

列的值为 Using index for group-by。

一。松散索引扫描

1.满足条件

  •   查询针对一个表。
  •  GROUP BY 使用索引的最左前缀。
  •  只可以使用MIN()和MAX()聚集函数,并且它们均指向相同的列。

2.示例

表t1(c1,c2,c3,c4) 有一个索引 idx(c1,c2,c3):

SELECT c1, c2 FROM t1 GROUP BY c1, c2;SELECT DISTINCT c1, c2 FROM t1;SELECT c1, MIN(c2) FROM t1 GROUP BY c1;SELECT c1, c2 FROM t1 WHERE c1  const GROUP BY c1, c2;SELECT c2 FROM t1 WHERE c1 <p>不满足条件示例:</p><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">1. 除了MIN()或MAX(),还有其它累积函数,例如: SELECT c1, SUM(c2) FROM t1 GROUP BY c1;<br>2. GROUP BY子句中的域不引用索引开头,例如:
Copy after login
 SELECT c1,c2 FROM t1 GROUP BY c2, c3;<br>3. 查询引用了GROUP BY 部分后面的关键字的一部分,并且没有等于常量的等式,例如: SELECT c1,c3 FROM t1 GROUP BY c1, c2;
Copy after login

二。紧凑索引扫描

如果不满足松散索引扫描条件,执行GROUP BY仍然可以不用创建临时表。如果WHERE子句中有范围条件,该方法只读取满足这些条件的关键字。

否则,进行索引扫描。该方法读取由WHERE子句定义的范围。

1. GROUP BY 中有一个漏洞,但已经由条件c2 = 'a'覆盖。 SELECT c1,c2,c3 FROM t1 WHERE c2 = 'a' GROUP BY c1,c3;<br>2. GROUP BY 不是满足最左前缀,但是有一个条件提供该元素的常量: SELECT c1,c2,c3 FROM t1 WHERE c1 = 'a' GROUP BY c2,c3;
Copy after login
source:php.cn
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Popular Tutorials
More>
Latest Downloads
More>
Web Effects
Website Source Code
Website Materials
Front End Template