Must-learn Maven: Be proficient in common commands and easily build projects

Essentials for learning Maven: master common commands and easily build projects, requiring specific code examples

With the rapid development of the software industry, project management and build tools have become more and more important. Maven, as a powerful project management tool, is widely used in the construction and dependency management of Java projects. Mastering the common commands of Maven can easily build projects and improve development efficiency, so it has become an essential skill for every Java developer. This article will introduce Maven's common commands through specific code examples to help readers better understand and master the use of Maven.

1. Maven installation and configuration

Before starting to learn Maven, you first need to install and configure Maven. After downloading the Maven installation package from the official website, extract it to the specified directory and configure the system environment variables. Then, enter the "mvn -version" command on the command line to verify whether the Maven installation is successful. If the installation is successful, the Maven version number and other relevant information will be displayed.

2. Common Maven commands

1. mvn clean

This command is used to clear the compiled products and other intermediate files in the current project. After executing this command, the compiled class files and other generated files will be deleted, and the project will return to the initial state.

Example:

mvn clean

2. mvn compile

This command is used to compile the project source code. After executing this command, Maven will automatically find and compile the Java source files in the project.

Example:

mvn compile

3. mvn package

This command is used to package the project. After executing this command, Maven will package the compiled Java class file into an executable JAR file, WAR file or other types of files.

Example:

mvn package

4. mvn install

This command is used to install the product after the project is built to the local Maven repository. After executing this command, Maven will install the project's JAR files or other types of files to the local warehouse for use by other projects.

Example:

mvn install

5. mvn deploy

This command is used to deploy the product after the project is built to the remote warehouse. After executing this command, Maven will upload the project's JAR file or other types of files to the remote warehouse for other developers to access and use.

Example:

mvn deploy

6. mvn dependency:tree

This command is used to display the dependency tree of the project, that is, among the Jar packages that the project depends on relationship between.

Example:

mvn dependency:tree

7. mvn clean install

This command is a combination of mvn clean and mvn install commands, used to clear the compiled product and reinstall it Project to local warehouse.

Example:

mvn clean install

8. mvn clean package

This command is a combination of mvn clean and mvn package commands, used to clear the compiled product and repackage it project.

Example:

mvn clean package

3. Common Maven plug-ins

In addition to the common commands introduced above, Maven also provides a large number of plug-ins to extend Maven's functions and support More project requirements. Here are some commonly used Maven plug-ins.

1. Maven Compiler plug-in

This plug-in is used to compile project source code and supports specifying Java version, source code directory, etc.

Example:

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
                <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

2. Maven Surefire Plugin

This plugin is used to run unit tests in the project. You can specify the test directory, test running method, etc.

Example:

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0-M5</version>
            <configuration>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*Test*.java</include>
                </includes>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

3. Maven Assembly plug-in

This plug-in is used to create the distribution package of the project, which can be packaged in ZIP, TAR, JAR and other formats .

Example:

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
            <configuration>
                <descriptors>
                    <descriptor>assembly.xml</descriptor>
                </descriptors>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

4. Summary

This article introduces the installation and configuration methods of Maven, and details the common commands and common plug-ins of Maven. By mastering this knowledge, developers can easily build projects and improve development efficiency. During the actual development process, more customized configuration and use can be performed based on project needs and personal preferences. I hope this article can help readers better master the use of Maven and improve their development skills.

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