Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL新旧版本ORDERBY处理方法_MySQL

MySQL新旧版本ORDERBY处理方法_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:07 PM

bitsCN.com MySQL 的order by 涉及到三个参数:
A. sort_buffer_size 排序缓存。
B. read_rnd_buffer_size 第二次排序缓存。
C. max_length_for_sort_data 带普通列的最大排序约束。


我来简单说下MySQL的排序规则。
假设查询语句select * from tb1 where 1 order by a ; 字段a没有建立索引;以上三个参数都足够大。
MySQL内部有两种排序规则:
第一种,是普通的排序。
这种排序的特点是节省内存,但是最终会对磁盘有一次随机扫描。 大概主要过程如下:
1. 由于没有WHERE条件,所以直接对磁盘进行全表扫描,把字段a以及每行的物理ID(假设为TID)拿出来。然后把所有拿到的记录全部放到sort_buffer_size中进行排序。
2. 根据排好序的TID,从磁盘随机扫描所需要的所有记录,排好序后再次把所有必须的记录放到read_rnd_buffer_size中。
第二种,是冗余排序。这种排序的特点是不需要二次对磁盘进行随机扫描,但是缺点很明显,太浪费内存空间。
跟第一种不同的是,在第一步里拿到的不仅仅是字段a以及TID,而是把所有请求的记录全部拿到后,放到sort_buffer_size中进行排序。这样可以直接从缓存中返回记录给客户端,不用再次从磁盘上获取一次。
从MySQL 5.7 后,对第二种排序进行了打包压缩处理,避免太浪费内存。比如对于varchar(255)来说,实际存储为varchar(3)。那么相比之前的方式节约了好多内存,避免缓存区域不够时,建立磁盘临时表。


以下为简单的演示
mysql> use t_girl;
Database changed


三个参数的具体值:

mysql> select truncate(@@sort_buffer_size/1024/1024,2)||'MB' as 'sort_buffer_size',truncate(@@read_rnd_buffer_size/1024/1024,2)||'MB' as read_rnd_buffer_zie,@@max_length_for_sort_data as max_length_for_sort_data;+------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+| sort_buffer_size | read_rnd_buffer_zie | max_length_for_sort_data |+------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+| 2.00MB           | 2.00MB              |                     1024 |+------------------+---------------------+--------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Copy after login



演示表的相关数据:
mysql> select table_name,table_rows,concat(truncate(data_length/1024/1024,2),'MB') as 'table_size' from information_schema.tables where table_name = 't1' and table_schema = 't_girl';+------------+------------+------------+| table_name | table_rows | table_size |+------------+------------+------------+| t1         |    2092640 | 74.60MB    |+------------+------------+------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Copy after login






开启优化器跟踪:
mysql> SET OPTIMIZER_TRACE="enabled=on",END_MARKERS_IN_JSON=on;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Copy after login



从数据字典里面拿到跟踪结果:

mysql> select * from information_schema.optimizer_trace/G*************************** 1. row ***************************                            QUERY: select * from t1 where id "            } /* filesort_summary */          }        ] /* steps */      } /* join_execution */    }  ] /* steps *
    
Copy after login
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

When might a full table scan be faster than using an index in MySQL? When might a full table scan be faster than using an index in MySQL? Apr 09, 2025 am 12:05 AM

Full table scanning may be faster in MySQL than using indexes. Specific cases include: 1) the data volume is small; 2) when the query returns a large amount of data; 3) when the index column is not highly selective; 4) when the complex query. By analyzing query plans, optimizing indexes, avoiding over-index and regularly maintaining tables, you can make the best choices in practical applications.

Can I install mysql on Windows 7 Can I install mysql on Windows 7 Apr 08, 2025 pm 03:21 PM

Yes, MySQL can be installed on Windows 7, and although Microsoft has stopped supporting Windows 7, MySQL is still compatible with it. However, the following points should be noted during the installation process: Download the MySQL installer for Windows. Select the appropriate version of MySQL (community or enterprise). Select the appropriate installation directory and character set during the installation process. Set the root user password and keep it properly. Connect to the database for testing. Note the compatibility and security issues on Windows 7, and it is recommended to upgrade to a supported operating system.

Explain InnoDB Full-Text Search capabilities. Explain InnoDB Full-Text Search capabilities. Apr 02, 2025 pm 06:09 PM

InnoDB's full-text search capabilities are very powerful, which can significantly improve database query efficiency and ability to process large amounts of text data. 1) InnoDB implements full-text search through inverted indexing, supporting basic and advanced search queries. 2) Use MATCH and AGAINST keywords to search, support Boolean mode and phrase search. 3) Optimization methods include using word segmentation technology, periodic rebuilding of indexes and adjusting cache size to improve performance and accuracy.

Difference between clustered index and non-clustered index (secondary index) in InnoDB. Difference between clustered index and non-clustered index (secondary index) in InnoDB. Apr 02, 2025 pm 06:25 PM

The difference between clustered index and non-clustered index is: 1. Clustered index stores data rows in the index structure, which is suitable for querying by primary key and range. 2. The non-clustered index stores index key values ​​and pointers to data rows, and is suitable for non-primary key column queries.

What are some popular MySQL GUI tools (e.g., MySQL Workbench, phpMyAdmin)? What are some popular MySQL GUI tools (e.g., MySQL Workbench, phpMyAdmin)? Mar 21, 2025 pm 06:28 PM

Article discusses popular MySQL GUI tools like MySQL Workbench and phpMyAdmin, comparing their features and suitability for beginners and advanced users.[159 characters]

How do you handle large datasets in MySQL? How do you handle large datasets in MySQL? Mar 21, 2025 pm 12:15 PM

Article discusses strategies for handling large datasets in MySQL, including partitioning, sharding, indexing, and query optimization.

MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning Apr 10, 2025 am 09:29 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system. 1) Create database and tables: Use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE commands. 2) Basic operations: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and SELECT. 3) Advanced operations: JOIN, subquery and transaction processing. 4) Debugging skills: Check syntax, data type and permissions. 5) Optimization suggestions: Use indexes, avoid SELECT* and use transactions.

The relationship between mysql user and database The relationship between mysql user and database Apr 08, 2025 pm 07:15 PM

In MySQL database, the relationship between the user and the database is defined by permissions and tables. The user has a username and password to access the database. Permissions are granted through the GRANT command, while the table is created by the CREATE TABLE command. To establish a relationship between a user and a database, you need to create a database, create a user, and then grant permissions.

See all articles