在MySQL存储过程的语句中有三个标准的循环方式:WHILE循环,LOOP循环以及REPEAT循环。还有一种非标准的循环方式:GOTO,不过这种循环方式最好别用,很容易引起程序的混乱,在这里就不错具体介绍了。

这几个循环语句的格式如下:
WHILE……DO……END WHILE
REPEAT……UNTIL EN">

Home > Database > Mysql Tutorial > MySQL存储过程和存储函数_MySQL

MySQL存储过程和存储函数_MySQL

WBOY
Release: 2016-06-01 13:08:20
Original
1277 people have browsed it

在MySQL存储过程的语句中有三个标准的循环方式:WHILE循环,LOOP循环以及REPEAT循环。还有一种非标准的循环方式:GOTO,不过这种循环方式最好别用,很容易引起程序的混乱,在这里就不错具体介绍了。

这几个循环语句的格式如下:
WHILE……DO……END WHILE
REPEAT……UNTIL END REPEAT
LOOP……END LOOP
GOTO。


1 有输入参数

DELIMITER $$
USE `vitigu`$$
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `demo2`$$
CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `demo2`(IN sid INT)
   BEGIN
     DECLARE stuid INT;
     SELECT username FROM student WHERE id=sid;
   END$$
DELIMITER
;


2 无输入参数

DELIMITER $$
USE `vitigu`$$
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `CursorDemo1`$$
CREATE PROCEDURE `vitigu`.`CursorDemo1`()
    
    BEGIN
    DECLARE stu_name VARCHAR(20);
    DECLARE stu_age VARCHAR(20);
    DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;   
    DECLARE cur_name CURSOR FOR SELECT username,age FROM `vitigu`.`student`;
    
    DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLSTATE '02000' SET done =1;
    
    OPEN cur_name;
    FETCH cur_name INTO stu_name,stu_age;
    WHILE(done1)
    DO
SELECT stu_name,stu_age;
FETCH cur_name INTO stu_name,stu_age;
    
    END WHILE;   
    CLOSE cur_name; 
    END$$
DELIMITER ;

一、创建存储过程和函数1、创建存储过程的基本形式:create procedure sp_name([proc_parameter[,…]])[characteristic…]routine_body例子:创建一个名为num_from_employee的存储过程delimiter &&create procedure num_from_employee(in emp_id int,out count_num int)reads sql databeginselect count(*) into count_numfrom employeewhere d_id=emp_id;end&&
2、创建存储函数create function sp_name([func_parameter[,…]])returns type[characteristic…]routine_body例子:创建一个名为name_from_employee的存储过程delimiter &&create function name_from_employee(emp_id int)returns varchar(20)beginreturn (select namefrom employeewhere num=emp_id);end&&
3、变量的使用(declare关键字,作用范围是begin…end程序段)(1)定义变量定义变量my_sql,数据类型为int型,默认值为10。代码:declare my_sql int default 10;(2)为变量赋值为变量my_sql赋值为30,代码:set my_sql=30;从表中查询id为2的记录,将该记录的d_id值赋给变量my_sql。代码:select d_id into my_sqlfrom employee where id=2;
4、定义条件和处理程序(declare关键字)(1)定义条件declare condition_name condition for condition_valuecondition_value: sqlstate[value] sqlstate_value|mysql_error_code例子:定义“error 1146(42s02)”这个错误,名称为can_not_find。可以用两种不同的方法来定义,代码:方法一:使用sqlstate_valuedeclare can_not_find condition for sqlstate '42s02';方法二:使用mysql_error_codedeclare can_not_find condition for 1146;
(2)定义处理程序declare handler_type handler for condition_value[,…] sp_statementhandler_type:continue|exit|undocondition_value:sqlstate[value]sqlstate_value|condition_name|sqlwarning|not found|sqlexception|mysql_error_code例子:捕获sqlstate_valuedeclare continue handler for sqlstate '42s02'set @info='can not find';捕获mysql_error_codedeclare continue handler for 1146 @info='can not find';先定义条件,然后调用declare can_not_find condition for 1146;declare continue handler for can_not_find @info='can not find';使用sqlwarningdeclare exit handler for sqlwarning set @info='error';使用not founddeclare exit handler for not found set @info='error';使用sqlexceptiondeclare exit handler for sqlexception set @info='error';
5、光标的使用      查询语句可能查询出多条记录,在存储过程和存储函数中使用光标来逐条读取查询结果集中的记录。光标的使用包括声明光标、打开光标、使用光标和关闭光标。光标声明必须在处理程序之前,并且在变量和条件之后。(1)声明光标下面声明一个名为cur_employee的光标declare cur_employee cursor for select name,age from employee;(2)打开光标打开一个名为cur_employee的光标open cur_employee;(3)使用光标使用一个名为cur_employee的光标,将查询出来的数据存入emp_name和emp_age这两个变量中:fetch cur_employee into emp_name,emp_age;(4)关闭光标关闭名为cur_employee的光标。close cur_employee;
6、流程控制的使用(1)if 语句例子:if age>20 then set @count1=@count1+1;elseif age=20 then @count2=@conut2+1;else @count3=@count3+1;end if;
(2)case语句例子:case agewhen 20 then set @count1=@count1+1;else set @count2=@count2+1;end case;也可以是:casewhen age=20 then set @count1=@count1+1;else set @count2=@count2+1;end case;
(3)loop语句例子:add_num: loopset @count=@count+1;end loop add_num;add_num是循环语句开始标签
(4)leave语句例子:add_num: loopset @count=@count+1;if @count=100 thenleave add_num;end loop add_num;
(5)iterate语句(与leave用法相同,指跳出本次循环)例子:add_num: loopset @count=@count+1;if @count=100 thenleave add_num;else if mod(@count,3)=0 theniterate add_num;select * from employee;end loop add_num;
(6)repeat语句例子:repeatset @count=@count+1;until @count=100end repeat;
(7)while语句例子:while @count二、调用存储过程和函数1、调用存储过程基本语法:call sp_name(参数列表)例子:delimiter &&create procedure num_from_employee(in emp_id int,out count_num int)reads sql databeginselect count(*) into count_numfrom employeewhere d_id=emp_id;end&&call num_from_employee(1002,@n);查询的时候:select @n;
2、调用存储函数例子:delimiter &&create function name_from_employee(emp_id int)returns varchar(20)beginreturn (select namefrom employeewhere num=emp_id);end&&delimiter ;select name_from_employee(3);
三、查看存储过程和函数(1)show status语句查看存储过程和函数语法:show procedure|function status like 'pattern';例子:show procedure status like 'num_from_employee'/G
(2)show create语句查看存储过程和函数例子:show create procedure num_from_employee/G
(3)从information_schema.routines中(存储过程和函数的信息存储在information—_schema数据库下的routines表中)语法select * from information_schema.routineswhere routine_name='sp_name';例子select * from information_schema.routineswhere routine_name='num_from_employee'/G
四、修改存储过程和函数例子:修改存储过程alter procedure num_from_employeemodifies sql datasql security invoker;例子:修改存储函数alter function name_from_employeereads sql datacomment 'find name';
五、删除存储过程和函数基本形式:drop {procedure|}function sp_name;


source:php.cn
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Popular Tutorials
More>
Latest Downloads
More>
Web Effects
Website Source Code
Website Materials
Front End Template