数据库的备份和恢复_MySQL
下面介绍3种备份数据库的方法:
MySQL中的每一个数据库和数据表分别对应文件系统中的目录和其下的文件。
在Linux下数据库文件的存放目录一般为/var/lib/mysql。在Windows下这个目录视MySQL的安装路径而定,DiaHosting的技术员一般为客户安装在D:serversoftmysql下。
如,有一个名为bbs的数据库,那么bbs的数据库文件会存放在/var/lib/mysql/bbs(linux)或者D:serversoftmysqlbbs(Windows)下。
备份文件前,需要将MySQL服务停止,然后将数据库目录拷贝即可。
恢复数据数据库时,需要先创建好一个数据库(不一定同名),然后将备份出来的文件(注意,不是目录)复制到对应的MySQL数据库目录中。
使用这一方法备份和恢复数据库时,需要新旧的MySQL版本一致,否则可能会出现错误。
备份数据库:
mysqldump –user=root –password=root密码 –lock-all-tables 数据库名 > 备份文件.sql
恢复数据库:
mysql -u root –password=root密码 数据库名
(3)使用Web程序
在这里我们推荐使用“帝国备份王”对MySQL进行备份。
主要优点:
1,跨平台。Windows与Linux下各种WEB环境均可以运行。
2,智能识别编码,解决备份时的乱码问题。
3,不同的MySQL版本间都可以进行备份和恢复操作。
4,采用分组备份,即使是超过1G的数据库也可以正常备份。
登录“帝国备份王”
用户名:admin
默认密码:123456
第一次登录时程序会自动跳转到数据库的设置页面。
安全起见,一定要修改默认的登录密码。
- 备份数据库
- 恢复数据库
如果是在其他机器上恢复,需要将“帝国备份王”的程序以及bdata目录下存放备份数据的目录一起上传至新的机器上。

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