linux下使用crontab定时备份MYSQL数据库的方法:_MySQL
只需按照下面3步做,一切都在你的掌控之下:
第一步:在服务器上配置备份目录代码:
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mkdir /var/lib/mysqlbackup
cd /var/lib/mysqlbackup
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第二步:编写备份脚本代码:
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vi dbbackup.sh
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粘帖以下代码,务必更改其中的username,password和dbname。
代码:
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#!/bin/sh
mysqldump -uuser -ppassword dbname | gzip > /var/lib/mysqlbackup/dbname`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S`.sql.gz
cd /var/lib/mysqlbackup
rm -rf `find . -name '*.sql.gz' -mtime 10` #删除10天前的备份文件
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第三步:更改备份脚本权限
代码:
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chmod +x dbbackup.sh
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第四步:用crontab定时执行备份脚本代码:
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crontab -e
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若每天晚上21点00备份,添加如下代码,
代码:
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00 21 * * * /var/lib/mysqlbackup/dbbackup.sh
注:
1、任务调度设置文件的写法
可用crontab -e命令来编辑,编辑的是/var/spool/cron下对应用户的cron文件,也可以直接修改/etc/crontab文件
具体格式如下:
Minute Hour Day Month Dayofweek command
分钟 小时 天 月 天每星期 命令
每个字段代表的含义如下:
Minute 每个小时的第几分钟执行该任务
Hour 每天的第几个小时执行该任务
Day 每月的第几天执行该任务
Month 每年的第几个月执行该任务
DayOfWeek 每周的第几天执行该任务
Command 指定要执行的程序
在这些字段里,除了“Command”是每次都必须指定的字段以外,其它字段皆为可选
字段,可视需要决定。对于不指定的字段,要用“*”来填补其位置。
举例如下:
5 * * * * ls 指定每小时的第5分钟执行一次ls命令
30 5 * * * ls 指定每天的 5:30 执行ls命令
30 7 8 * * ls 指定每月8号的7:30分执行ls命令
30 5 8 6 * ls 指定每年的6月8日5:30执行ls命令
30 6 * * 0 ls 指定每星期日的6:30执行ls命令[注:0表示星期天,1表示星期1,
以此类推,也可以用英文来表示,sun表示星期天,mon表示星期一等。]
30 3 10,20 * * ls 每月10号及20号的3:30执行ls命令[注:“,”用来连接多个不连续的时段]
25 8-11 * * * ls 每天8-11点的第25分钟执行ls命令[注:“-”用来连接连续的时段]
*/15 * * * * ls 每15分钟执行一次ls命令 [即每个小时的第0 15 30 45 60分钟执行ls命令 ]
30 6 */10 * * ls 每个月中,每隔10天6:30执行一次ls命令[即每月的1、11、21、31日是的6:30执行一次ls 命令。 ]
每天7:50以root 身份执行/etc/cron.daily目录中的所有可执行文件
50 7 * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.daily [ 注:run-parts参数表示,执行后面目录中的所有可执行文件。 ]
2、新增调度任务可用两种方法:
1)、在命令行输入: crontab -e 然后添加相应的任务,wq存盘退出。
2)、直接编辑/etc/crontab 文件,即vi /etc/crontab,添加相应的任务。

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