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Compare the features of different versions of Tomcat

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Release： 2024-01-13 11:14:05

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Compare the features of different versions of Tomcat

Tomcat is an open source Java Servlet container that is widely used in the deployment and operation of Java Web applications. Over time, Tomcat has released multiple versions, each with its own characteristics. This article will analyze the differences between Tomcat versions and provide specific code examples.

Tomcat 5.x series
Tomcat 5.x series is the first stable version of Tomcat. The main feature is that it supports Servlet 2.4 and JSP 2.0 specifications. This version introduces support for Java 5, including features such as generics, enumerations, and annotations. The sample code is as follows:

@WebServlet("/hello")
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("<html>");
        out.println("<body>");
        out.println("<h1>Hello, World!</h1>");
        out.println("</body>");
        out.println("</html>");
    }
}

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Tomcat 6.x series
Tomcat 6.x series is an upgraded version of Tomcat. The main feature is that it supports Servlet 2.5 and JSP 2.1 specifications. This version has made some optimizations to improve server performance and fixed some security vulnerabilities. The sample code is as follows:

@WebServlet("/hello")
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("<html>");
        out.println("<body>");
        out.println("<h1>Hello, 世界!</h1>");
        out.println("</body>");
        out.println("</html>");
    }
}

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Tomcat 7.x series
Tomcat 7.x series is the next important version of Tomcat. The main feature is to support Servlet 3.0 and JSP 2.2 specifications. This release introduces support for asynchronous Servlets, as well as enhancements to WebSocket and EL 2.2. The sample code is as follows:

@WebServlet("/hello")
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        AsyncContext asyncContext = request.startAsync();
        asyncContext.start(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    PrintWriter out = asyncContext.getResponse().getWriter();
                    out.println("<html>");
                    out.println("<body>");
                    out.println("<h1>Hello, 世界!</h1>");
                    out.println("</body>");
                    out.println("</html>");
                    asyncContext.complete();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

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Tomcat 8.x series
Tomcat 8.x series is a further upgraded version of Tomcat. The main feature is to support Servlet 3.1 and JSP 2.3 specifications. This release provides full support for HTTP/2 and Java 8, as well as further enhancements to WebSocket and EL 3.0. The sample code is as follows:

@WebServlet("/hello")
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        response.getWriter().println("<!DOCTYPE html>");
        response.getWriter().println("<html>");
        response.getWriter().println("<body>");
        response.getWriter().println("<h1>Hello, 世界!</h1>");
        response.getWriter().println("</body>");
        response.getWriter().println("</html>");
    }
}

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Through the above sample code, we can see that different versions of Tomcat have gradually enhanced their support for Servlet and JSP specifications, and have made some improvements in performance and security. It is crucial to choose a Tomcat version that suits your project needs and environment. It will not only improve the stability and performance of the project, but also provide a better development experience. The latest version of Tomcat can be obtained from the official website (https://tomcat.apache.org/).

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