How to convert string to number in Golang

How to convert strings to numbers in Golang

In Golang, we often need to convert strings to numbers to perform some calculation operations. The process of converting strings to numbers is relatively simple and mainly relies on the strconv package in the Golang standard library. This article will introduce in detail how to use the strconv package to convert strings to numbers and give some specific code examples.

1. Convert a string to an integer

To convert a string to an integer, you can use the Atoi function in the strconv package. The use of the Atoi function is very simple. You only need to pass the string that needs to be converted as a parameter to the Atoi function.

The following is a sample code that converts the string "123" to an integer and prints it out:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    str := "123"
    num, err := strconv.Atoi(str)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("转换失败:", err)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println("转换后的整数:", num)
}

Running the above code will output:

转换后的整数: 123

It should be noted that , the Atoi function returns two values: the converted integer value and an error. If the conversion fails, an error message is returned.

2. Convert a string to a floating point number

To convert a string to a floating point number, you can use the ParseFloat function in the strconv package. The ParseFloat function is similar to the Atoi function and also converts strings to numbers. But unlike the Atoi function, the ParseFloat function can handle decimal points and exponent signs.

The following is a sample code that converts the string "3.14" to a floating point number and prints it out:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    str := "3.14"
    num, err := strconv.ParseFloat(str, 64)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("转换失败:", err)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println("转换后的浮点数:", num)
}

Running the above code will output:

转换后的浮点数: 3.14

and the Atoi function Likewise, the ParseFloat function returns two values: the converted floating point value and an error. If the conversion fails, an error message is returned.

3. Other conversion methods

In actual development, we may also encounter other types of string conversion requirements, such as converting strings to decimal and binary Or hex etc. For these requirements, the strconv package provides corresponding functions to implement them.

Here are some other commonly used examples of conversion functions:

• Convert a string to a decimal integer:

str := "1010"
num, err := strconv.ParseInt(str, 2, 64)
if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("转换失败:", err)
    return
}
fmt.Println("转换后的十进制整数:", num)

• Convert a string For binary string:

str := "10"
num, err := strconv.Atoi(str)
if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("转换失败:", err)
    return
}
binary := strconv.FormatInt(int64(num), 2)
fmt.Println("转换后的二进制字符串:", binary)

• Convert the string to hexadecimal string:

str := "255"
num, err := strconv.Atoi(str)
if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("转换失败:", err)
    return
}
hex := strconv.FormatInt(int64(num), 16)
fmt.Println("转换后的十六进制字符串:", hex)

The above code example gives the string conversion to For integer, floating-point and other base conversion methods, you can choose the appropriate function for conversion according to specific needs.

Summary

This article details how to convert strings to numbers in Golang and gives some specific code examples. Whether it is converting integers, floating point numbers, or other bases, Golang's strconv package provides a wealth of functions to meet different needs. In actual development, we can choose the appropriate function for conversion according to specific needs. I hope this article can help everyone understand the process of converting strings to numbers.

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