Learn to use pipenv: Create and manage virtual environments

pipenv tutorial: Create and manage virtual environments, specific code examples are required

Introduction:
With the popularity of Python, the number of project development is also increasing. In order to effectively manage the Python packages used in projects, virtual environments have become an essential tool. In this article, we'll cover how to use pipenv to create and manage virtual environments, and provide practical code examples.

What is pipenv?
pipenv is a virtual environment management tool widely used in the Python community. It integrates the functions of pip and virtualenv to easily create independent isolation environments for each project. pipenv helps us develop Python projects more efficiently by automating the management of dependencies and environment variables.

Install pipenv:
Before we start using pipenv, we first need to install it. Use the following command to install pipenv through pip:

$ pip install pipenv

Create a virtual environment:
After the preparation is completed, we can enter the root directory of the project and execute the following command in the command line to create a virtual environment:

$ pipenv --python 3.8

The above command will create a virtual environment based on Python 3.8. If this version of Python is not installed locally, pipenv will automatically download and install it. The path of the virtual environment is usually located in the .venv directory in the project root directory.

Installing dependencies:
After the virtual environment is successfully created, we can start installing the dependency packages required for the project. First, we need to create a Pipfile file in the root directory of the project to record project dependencies. Then, execute the following command to install the dependencies:

$ pipenv install requests

The above command will automatically install the requests dependency package and add it to the Pipfile file. If you have multiple dependencies that need to be installed, you can execute the pipenv install command multiple times.

Enter the virtual environment:
When developing a project, we need to enter the virtual environment to use the packages required by the project. You can enter the virtual environment through the following command:

$ pipenv shell

The above command will activate the virtual environment in the current command line window. In the virtual environment, we can use the Python interpreter and installed dependency packages normally.

Use an existing virtual environment:
If you need to use an existing virtual environment, you can switch through the following command:

$ pipenv --venv

The above command will display the path of the currently active virtual environment . You can enter this path and use the source activate command to activate the virtual environment.

About dependency management:
In addition to conveniently installing project dependencies, pipenv also provides other functions to manage dependency versions. You can install a specific version of dependencies through the following command:

$ pipenv install requests==2.25.1

The above command will install the 2.25.1 version of requests. If no version number is specified, the latest stable version will be installed by default.

In addition, you can use the following command to view the dependencies of the current project:

$ pipenv graph

The above command will list the dependency tree of the project and the version number of each dependency.

Summary:
This article introduces how to use pipenv to create and manage Python virtual environments, and provides detailed code examples. By using pipenv, we can manage project dependencies more easily and improve the efficiency of project development. I hope this article will help you understand and use pipenv!

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