Django version comparison: What are the differences between 1.x, 2.x and 3.x?

Django is a highly extensible Python web framework designed to help developers build web applications faster and easier. Over time, Django continues to develop and update, and the latest stable version is the 3.x series. This article will compare the main differences between Django 1.x, 2.x and 3.x versions and provide some specific code examples.

1. Django 1.x series:

Django 1.x is the earliest version released. In subsequent updates, Django gradually developed into a powerful and stable Web framework. Here are some of the main features and code examples of this version:

• Project settings: Django 1.x uses a settings.py file to configure the project, which includes database connections, application settings, etc. . The following is a simple settings.py example:

  DATABASES = {
     'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'mydatabase',
        'USER': 'myuser',
        'PASSWORD': 'mypassword',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '3306',
     }
  }
  
  INSTALLED_APPS = [
     'django.contrib.admin',
     'django.contrib.auth',
     'django.contrib.contenttypes',
     'django.contrib.sessions',
     'django.contrib.messages',
     'django.contrib.staticfiles',
  ]

• URL configuration: Django 1.x configures URL routing through a urls.py file. Here is a simple urls.py example:

  from django.contrib import admin
  from django.urls import include, path
  
  urlpatterns = [
     path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
     path('blog/', include('blog.urls')),
  ]

2. Django 2.x series:

The Django 2.x version introduces some important The changes and new features are more adaptable to the needs of modern web development. Here are some of the key features and code examples of this version:

• Project Settings: Django 2.x maintains a similar settings.py file, but introduces a new database backend such as PostgreSQL as default. The following is a simple settings.py example:

  DATABASES = {
     'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'mydatabase',
        'USER': 'myuser',
        'PASSWORD': 'mypassword',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '5432',
     }
  }
  
  INSTALLED_APPS = [
     'django.contrib.admin',
     'django.contrib.auth',
     'django.contrib.contenttypes',
     'django.contrib.sessions',
     'django.contrib.messages',
     'django.contrib.staticfiles',
     'blog',
  ]

• URL configuration: Django 2.x maintains a similar urls.py file structure, but introduces the path() function to replace the old one url() function, making the code more readable and concise. The following is a simple urls.py example:

  from django.contrib import admin
  from django.urls import path, include
  
  urlpatterns = [
     path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
     path('blog/', include('blog.urls')),
  ]

3. Django 3.x series:

Django 3.x series is currently the latest Stable release, introducing some important changes and improvements. The following are some of the main features and code examples of this version:

• Project settings: Django 3.x maintains a similar settings.py file structure, but database connection pooling is turned on by default. Improved database connection performance. Here is a simple settings.py example:

  DATABASES = {
     'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'mydatabase',
        'USER': 'myuser',
        'PASSWORD': 'mypassword',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '5432',
        'CONN_MAX_AGE': 600,  # 设置连接池最大寿命为10分钟
     }
  }
  
  INSTALLED_APPS = [
     'django.contrib.admin',
     'django.contrib.auth',
     'django.contrib.contenttypes',
     'django.contrib.sessions',
     'django.contrib.messages',
     'django.contrib.staticfiles',
     'blog',
  ]

• URL configuration: Django 3.x maintains a similar urls.py file structure and introduces some new features such as support for paths Parameter type annotation. The following is a simple urls.py example:

  from django.contrib import admin
  from django.urls import path, include
  
  urlpatterns = [
     path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
     path('blog/<int:id>/', include('blog.urls')),
  ]

Summary:

Different versions of Django have improvements and improvements in functionality and performance. If you are developing a new project from scratch, it is recommended to choose the latest stable version 3.x to enjoy better performance and more new features. For projects that are already using older versions, you can gradually migrate to newer versions and make corresponding adjustments.

The above are some major differences and code examples for Django 1.x, 2.x and 3.x versions. By learning the differences between these versions, developers can better understand the development history of the Django framework and choose the appropriate version according to their needs. No matter which version you choose, Django provides efficient and powerful tools for building great web applications.

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