Golang installation tutorial: Take you step by step to easily install golang!

Golang installation tutorial: Take you step by step to easily install golang!

Golang (also known as Go) is an open source programming language developed by Google. It is efficient, safe, simple and easy to use. The emergence of Golang has greatly improved the efficiency and security of program development, so it is becoming more and more popular among developers.

This article will introduce how to install golang step by step on Windows, Linux and macOS systems, and provide detailed code examples to help everyone get started with Golang easily.

1. Install Golang on Windows system

1. Download the Golang installation package

First, we need to go to the official website (https://golang.org/dl /) Download the Golang installation package suitable for Windows systems, as shown in the figure below:

2. Install Golang

After downloading, double-click to run the installation package and follow the prompts to install step by step That’s it. During the installation process, you will be asked about the installation path and working directory of Golang. Please set it according to your personal preferences. After the installation is complete, you can verify whether Golang is successfully installed by entering the "go version" command on the command line.

2. Install Golang on Linux system

1. Download the Golang binary file

In the Linux system, we need to download the Golang binary file. Open the Golang official website (https://golang.org/dl/), find the Golang version suitable for your system, and click to download.

2. Decompress the Golang file

After the download is complete, decompress the Golang binary file to the specified directory, for example:

tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.15.8.linux-amd64.tar.gz

3. Configure environment variables

In order for the Linux system to recognize Golang, we need to add the Golang binary file path to the system PATH. Open the ~/.bashrc file and add the following content:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin

Execute the following command to refresh the environment variables:

source ~/.bashrc

4. Verify the installation

By Enter the "go version" command in the terminal to verify whether Golang is installed successfully.

3. Install Golang on macOS system

1. Download the Golang installation package

Open the Golang official website (https://golang.org/dl/), Find the Golang version suitable for macOS system and click to download.

2. Install Golang

After the download is completed, double-click to run the installation package and follow the prompts to install step by step. During the installation process, you will be asked about the installation path and working directory of Golang. Please set it according to your personal preferences. After the installation is complete, open the terminal and enter the "go version" command to verify whether Golang is successfully installed.

4. Golang environment variables

No matter what system it is, after installing Golang, we need to configure the Golang environment variables.

1. Configuring GOPATH

GOPATH is the working directory of Golang, which is the path where your own code is stored. In Linux and macOS systems, you can add the following content to the ~/.bashrc file:

export GOPATH=$HOME/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin

In Windows systems, you can go to "Computer" -> "Properties" -> "Advanced System Settings" -> Add the GOPATH variable in "Environment Variables" and add Golang's bin directory to the system PATH variable, as shown in the following figure:

2. Configuring GOMODULE

GOMODULE is Golang's dependency management tool. We can add the following content to the ~/.bashrc file:

export GO111MODULE=on
export GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn

GO111MODULE=on means turning on GOMODULE, and GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn means using goproxy.cn as the proxy for dependent packages.

5. Golang is installed and started to use

After the installation is completed, we can enter the "go version" command in the terminal to verify whether Golang is successfully installed. If the Golang version number is output, the installation is successful.

So far, we have completed the installation of Golang and the configuration of environment variables. Next, let’s write a simple Hello World program to verify:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, Golang!")
}

Save the above code as hello.go, and execute the following command in the terminal:

go run hello.go

If it is output "Hello, Golang!" means that Golang has been successfully installed and you can happily start writing code!

Summary

This article introduces you to the installation of Golang and the configuration of environment variables. Although there may be some minor problems during the installation process, you can easily install Golang by following this step-by-step tutorial. Next, you can use Golang to write some simple programs, gradually master the development skills of Golang, and create more efficient and safer programs.

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