Learn more about common data types in Python

Detailed explanation of Python data types: Explore common data types in Python

Introduction:
In the Python programming language, data types are a very important concept. Understanding the characteristics of data types and how to use them correctly can increase efficiency and reduce errors when writing Python programs. This article will explore common data types in Python in detail and give specific code examples.

1. Number types
   In Python, the most common number types are integers (int) and floating point numbers (float). Integers are used to represent numbers without a decimal part, while floating point numbers are used to represent numbers with a decimal part.

The following is sample code using integers and floating point numbers:

# 整数
a = 10
b = -5

# 浮点数
c = 3.14
d = -2.5

# 运算
result1 = a + b
result2 = c * d

print(result1)  # 输出: 5
print(result2)  # 输出: -7.85

2. String type
   String is a data type used in Python to represent sequences of literals. In Python, strings need to be enclosed in quotes (single or double quotes).

The following is a sample code using strings:

# 字符串
name = "Alice"
message = 'Hello, world!'

# 字符串拼接
greeting = "Hi, " + name + "!"

print(message)  # 输出: Hello, world!
print(greeting)  # 输出: Hi, Alice!

3. List type
   List is one of the most commonly used data types in Python, which allows the storage of multiple elements, and can be added, deleted, modified and checked as needed.

The following is a sample code using a list:

# 列表
fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'orange']

# 添加元素
fruits.append('pear')

# 删除元素
fruits.remove('apple')

# 修改元素
fruits[1] = 'grape'

# 查找元素
index = fruits.index('orange')

print(fruits)  # 输出: ['banana', 'grape', 'orange', 'pear']
print(index)  # 输出: 2

4. Tuple type
   A tuple is a data type similar to a list, it can also store multiple elements , but once created it cannot be modified.

The following is a sample code using tuples:

# 元组
weekdays = ('Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday')

# 元素访问
first_day = weekdays[0]
last_day = weekdays[-1]

print(first_day)  # 输出: Monday
print(last_day)  # 输出: Friday

5. Dictionary type
   A dictionary is a data type that stores data in the form of key-value pairs. Each key-value pair consists of a key and a value, and the corresponding value can be accessed and modified based on the key.

The following is a sample code using a dictionary:

# 字典
student = {
    'name': 'Alice',
    'age': 20,
    'major': 'Computer Science'
}

# 添加键值对
student['gender'] = 'Female'

# 修改值
student['age'] = 21

# 访问值
name = student['name']

print(student)  # 输出: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 21, 'major': 'Computer Science', 'gender': 'Female'}
print(name)  # 输出: Alice

6. Collection type
   A collection is a data type used to store unique elements. Sets can perform common set operations such as intersection, union, and difference.

The following is a sample code for using a collection:

# 集合
fruits = {'apple', 'banana', 'orange'}
colors = {'red', 'green', 'orange'}

# 交集
intersection = fruits & colors

# 并集
union = fruits | colors

# 差集
difference = fruits - colors

print(intersection)  # 输出: {'orange'}
print(union)  # 输出: {'red', 'green', 'banana', 'orange', 'apple'}
print(difference)  # 输出: {'apple', 'banana'}

Conclusion:
This article introduces in detail the common data types in Python, including numeric types, string types, and list types , tuple types, dictionary types and collection types. Each type has its unique characteristics and uses, and mastering them can help us better use the Python programming language to process various data.

Whether you are a beginner or an experienced developer, understanding and using data types is a crucial part of the programming process. Therefore, I hope this article will be helpful to your Python programming journey and can provide some guidance and inspiration in the actual coding process!

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