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如何使用PHP实现一个WebService_MySQL

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Release: 2016-06-01 13:16:57
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WSDL

WSDL(网络服务描述语言,Web Services Description Language)是一门基于 XML 的语言,用于描述 Web Services 以及如何对它们进行访问。这种文档可描述某个 Web service。它可规定服务的位置,以及此服务提供的操作(或方法)。

一个 WSDL 文档的主要结构是类似这样的:

<definitions>	<types>	   definition of types........	</types>	<message>	   definition of a message....	</message>	<portType>	   definition of a port.......	</portType>	<binding>	   definition of a binding....	</binding></definitions>
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WSDL 文档可包含其它的元素,比如 extension 元素,以及一个 service 元素,此元素可把若干个 web services 的定义组合在一个单一的 WSDL 文档中。

PHP生成WSDL

类代码(SoapDiscovery.class.php):

<?phpclass SoapDiscovery {    private $class_name = '';    private $service_name = '';        /**     * SoapDiscovery::__construct() SoapDiscovery class Constructor.     *      * @param string $class_name     * @param string $service_name     **/    public function __construct($class_name = '', $service_name = '') {        $this->class_name = $class_name;        $this->service_name = $service_name;    }        /**     * SoapDiscovery::getWSDL() Returns the WSDL of a class if the class is instantiable.     *      * @return string     **/    public function getWSDL() {        if (empty($this->service_name)) {            throw new Exception('No service name.');        }        $headerWSDL = "<?xml version="1.0" ?>n";        $headerWSDL.= "<definitions name="$this->service_name" targetNamespace="urn:$this->service_name" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:tns="urn:$this->service_name" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">n";        $headerWSDL.= "<types xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" />n";         if (empty($this->class_name)) {            throw new Exception('No class name.');        }                $class = new ReflectionClass($this->class_name);                if (!$class->isInstantiable()) {            throw new Exception('Class is not instantiable.');        }                $methods = $class->getMethods();                $portTypeWSDL = '<portType name="'.$this->service_name.'Port">';        $bindingWSDL = '<binding name="'.$this->service_name.'Binding" type="tns:'.$this->service_name."Port">n<soap:binding style="rpc" transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />n";        $serviceWSDL = '<service name="'.$this->service_name."">n<documentation />n<port name="".$this->service_name.'Port" binding="tns:'.$this->service_name."Binding"><soap:address location="http://".$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].':'.$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'].$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']."" />n</port>n</service>n";        $messageWSDL = '';        foreach ($methods as $method) {            if ($method->isPublic() && !$method->isConstructor()) {                $portTypeWSDL.= '<operation name="'.$method->getName()."">n".'<input message="tns:'.$method->getName()."Request" />n<output message="tns:".$method->getName()."Response" />n</operation>n";                $bindingWSDL.= '<operation name="'.$method->getName()."">n".'<soap:operation soapAction="urn:'.$this->service_name.'#'.$this->class_name.'#'.$method->getName()."" />n<input><soap:body use="encoded" namespace="urn:$this->service_name" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" />n</input>n<output>n<soap:body use="encoded" namespace="urn:$this->service_name" encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" />n</output>n</operation>n";                $messageWSDL.= '<message name="'.$method->getName()."Request">n";                $parameters = $method->getParameters();                foreach ($parameters as $parameter) {                    $messageWSDL.= '<part name="'.$parameter->getName()."" type="xsd:string" />n";                }                $messageWSDL.= "</message>n";                $messageWSDL.= '<message name="'.$method->getName()."Response">n";                $messageWSDL.= '<part name="'.$method->getName()."" type="xsd:string" />n";                $messageWSDL.= "</message>n";            }        }        $portTypeWSDL.= "</portType>n";        $bindingWSDL.= "</binding>n";        return sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>');    }        /**     * SoapDiscovery::getDiscovery() Returns discovery of WSDL.     *      * @return string     **/    public function getDiscovery() {        return "<?xml version="1.0" ?>n<disco:discovery xmlns:disco="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/" xmlns:scl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/scl/">n<scl:contractRef ref="http://".$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].':'.$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'].$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']."?wsdl" />n</disco:discovery>";    }} ?>
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使用方法(服务端server.php):

<?phpdefine('WSDL_URL','hello.wsdl');        //定义WSDL文件路径ini_set('soap.wsdl_cache_enabled','0');    //关闭WSDL缓存 //WSDL文件不存在时自动创建if(!file_exists(WSDL_URL)){    require_once 'SoapDiscovery.class.php';    $disco = new SoapDiscovery('HelloWorld','IELIWB_HelloWorld');    $str = $disco->getWSDL();    file_put_contents(WSDL_URL,$str);} //SOAP开启并接收Client传入的参数响应 $server = new SoapServer(WSDL_URL);$server->setClass('HelloWorld');$server->handle();  //测试定义公开的类class HelloWorld {    private $nombre = '';    public function __construct($name = 'World') {$this->name = $name;}    public function greet($name = '') {$name = $name?$name:$this->name;return 'Hello '.$name.'.';}    public function serverTimestamp() {return time();} }?>
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客户端client.php:

<?php$client = new SoapClient("http://127.0.0.1/createsoap/hello.wsdl"); try {        $result = $client->greet('ieliwb');        var_dump($result);        echo "The answer isresult";}catch (SoapFault $f){        echo "Error Message: {$f->getMessage()}";}?>
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创建 Webservice

1. 创建wsdl

  • 非标准的webservice,可能只能PHP才能访问
  • 标准的webservice,就必须要使用wsdl(webservice description language,就是用XML语法标准来描述你的服务内容,我是这么理解的)

在这里我只介绍标准的webservice。那么如何创建wsdl呢?对于PHP来说这确实是件很不容易的事情,有人说用zend studio创建很方便,这是一种方法。但对于那些不喜欢用zend studio的人来说,会觉得创建一个webservice还要安装zend studio,太强人所难了,我就是,嘿嘿。

在这里我介绍一个简单的方法,到网上下载SoapDiscovery.class.php类,里面有个公用方法:getWSDL,这个方法末尾是用的return,那么,你修改一下这个方法,我是这么做的:

//return sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>');//生成wsdl文件,将上面的return注释$fso = fopen($this->class_name . ".wsdl" , "w");fwrite($fso, sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>'));
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现在生成wsdl的类有了,SoapDiscovery.class.php。

我只要再准备一个提供服务的类或者函数就可以创建wsdl了。比如我有个类:person,文件名为:person.class.php★,里面有两个方法,一个是say,一个是run。很简单。

<?php	class person    {        public function say()        {            return("i'm speaking.");        }        public function run()        {            return("i'm running,don't disturb me please.");        }    }?>
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到这里有两个类了:SoapDiscovery.class.php和person.class.php。

开始正式生成wsdl:创建文件server.php。将以下内容拷贝进去,运行即可生成一个person.wsdl文件

<?php    include("person.class.php");    include("SoapDiscovery.class.php");        //第一个参数是类名(生成的wsdl文件就是以它来命名的),即person类,第二个参数是服务的名字(这个可以随便写)。    $disco = new SoapDiscovery('person','Person');    $disco->getWSDL();?>
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2. 创建webservice服务端程序

将server.php文件的内容清空,复制以下代码进去:

<?php    include("person.class.php");    $objSoapServer = new SoapServer("person.wsdl");//person.wsdl是刚创建的wsdl文件    //$objSoapServer = new SoapServer("server.php?wsdl");//这样也行    $objSoapServer->setClass("person");//注册person类的所有方法    $objSoapServer->handle();//处理请求?>
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3. 创建webservice客户端程序,测试webservice是否有效,文件名是:client.php

<?php    $client = new SoapClient("person.wsdl");    //$client = new SoapClient("server.php?wsdl");//这样也行    echo($client->say());    echo "<br />";    echo($client->run());    echo "<br />";?>
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OK,结束。.NET如果要使用的话,你只要提供一个url给他就行了。

 

获得url的方法:你可以先到person.wsdl文件里面查找

,这里的url(具体url是根据你的目录确定的)就是你要提供给.NET开发人员使用的。不过别高兴太早,后面要加:“?wsdl”,http://xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/server.php?wsdl这样才是对的,不信你可以将url拷贝到浏览器的地址栏里看下就知道了。

 

.NET开发人员获得你给他的url之后,就可以在自己的项目里面添加一个服务引用或者web引用了,然后就可以根据提示完成相关操作,对于使用.NET的开发人员来说很简单的。

 

 

 

 

 

 

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