Home Database Mysql Tutorial Mysql无法创建外键的原因_MySQL

Mysql无法创建外键的原因_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:18 PM
mysql foreign key

Mysql外键

在Mysql中创建外键时,经常会遇到问题而失败,这是因为Mysql中还有很多细节需要我们去留意,我自己总结并查阅资料后列出了以下几种常见原因。

  1. 两个字段的类型或者大小不严格匹配。例如,如果一个是int(10),那么外键也必须设置成int(10),而不是int(11),也不能是tinyint.另外,你还必须确定两个字段是否一个为 signed,而另一个又是unsigned(即:无符号),这两字段必须严格地一致匹配,

  2. 试图设置外键的字段没有建立起索引,或者不是一个primary key(主键)。如果其中一个不是primary key的话,你必须先为它创建一个索引。

  3. 其中一个或者两个表是MyISAM引擎的表。若想要使用外键约束,表必须是InnoDB引擎(实际上,如果两个表都是MyISAM 引擎的,这个错误根本不会发生,但也不会产生外键,只会建立索引)你需要检查表的引擎类型。

  4. 外键的名字不能重复。你应该检查你的数据库以确保外健名字是唯一的,或者你在键名后面加上几个随机的字符以测试是否是这个原因。

  5. 你可能设置了ON DELETE SET NULL,但是相关的键的字段又设置成了NOTS NULL值。你可能通过修改cascade的属性值或者把字段属性设置成allow null来解决。

  6. 请确定你的Charset和Collate选项在表级和字段级上的一致。

  7. 你可能设置为外键设置了一个默认值,如default=0.

  8. ALTER声明中有语法错误

  当出现错误时,仔细检查数据库表和字段的设计。我更建议大家尽量使用工具来设计和创建数据库,这样能减少出错的概率。

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