Home Database Mysql Tutorial mysql的IFNULL、IF、CASE...WHEN...THEN...函数的使用讲解_MySQL

mysql的IFNULL、IF、CASE...WHEN...THEN...函数的使用讲解_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:18 PM
mysql context string

bitsCN.com IFNULL(expr1,expr2)
如果expr1不是NULL,IFNULL()返回expr1,否则它返回expr2。IFNULL()返回一个数字或字符串值,取决于它被使用的上下文环境。

SELECT IFNULL(1,0);  //  1      SELECT IFNULL(0,10);  //  0      SELECT IFNULL(1/0,10);  // 10      SELECT IFNULL(1/0,yes);  //  yes
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IF(expr1,expr2,expr3)
如果expr1是TRUE(expr1<>0且expr1<>NULL),那么IF()返回expr2,否则它返回expr3。IF()返回一个数字或字符串值,取决于它被使用的上下文。
SELECT IF(1>2,2,3);   // 3      SELECT IF(1<2,yes,no);  // yes     SELECT IF(strcmp(test,test1),yes,no);   // no 
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expr1作为整数值被计算,它意味着如果你正在测试浮点或字符串值,你应该使用一个比较操作来做。
SELECT IF(0.1,1,0);   //  0      SELECT IF(0.1<>0,1,0);  // 1      
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在上面的第一种情况中,IF(0.1)返回0,因为0.1被变换到整数值, 导致测试IF(0)。这可能不是你期望的。在第二种情况中,比较测试原来的浮点值看它是否是非零,比较的结果被用作一个整数。

CASE value WHEN [compare-value] THEN result [WHEN [compare-value] THEN result ...] [ELSE result] END
CASE WHEN [condition] THEN result [WHEN [condition] THEN result ...] [ELSE result] END

第一个版本返回result,其中value=compare-value。第二个版本中如果第一个条件为真,返回result。如果没有匹配的result值,那么结果在ELSE后的result被返回。如果没有ELSE部分,那么NULL被返回。

SELECT CASE 1 WHEN 1 THEN "one" WHEN 2 THEN "two" ELSE "more" END;   // "one"     SELECT CASE WHEN 1>0 THEN "true" ELSE "false" END;   // "true"     SELECT CASE BINARY "B" WHEN "a" THEN 1 WHEN "b" THEN 2 END;   // NULL
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