How to use PyCharm to package code into an executable file: Detailed explanation of project packaging techniques

PyCharm project packaging skills: teach you how to package code into executable files

Introduction:
During the software development process, package code into executable files Documentation is a very important step. It allows our applications to run on different machines more easily, while also protecting our code from modification. This article will introduce how to use PyCharm to package Python code into an executable file and provide specific code examples.

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1. Install PyInstaller
PyInstaller is a tool used to package Python code into an executable file. We first need to install PyInstaller through the following command:

pip install pyinstaller

2. Create a PyCharm project
Create a new project in PyCharm and write our Python code. Here we take a simple sample code as an example:

# calculator.py
def add(a, b):
    return a + b

def subtract(a, b):
    return a - b

def multiply(a, b):
    return a * b

def divide(a, b):
    return a / b

print(add(5, 3))

3. Use PyInstaller to package the code

1. Open the Terminal window of PyCharm and switch to the root directory of the project.
2. Run the following command to package the code:

pyinstaller --onefile calculator.py

The "--onefile" parameter means to package all dependent files into a single executable file.

3. After executing the above command, PyInstaller will automatically generate a folder named "dist", which contains the packaged executable file.

4. Run the executable file
Find the generated executable file in the "dist" folder and double-click it to run it. In our example, the executable file is named "calculator.exe".

By double-clicking to run the executable file, we can see that the console outputs "8". This shows that we successfully packaged the Python code into an executable file.

5. Customized packaging configuration
PyInstaller provides many optional packaging configuration options so that we can customize the packaging process. We can create a configuration file named "spec" and then use PyInstaller to execute the file for packaging.

Create a file named "calculator.spec" in the root directory of the sample project with the following content:

# calculator.spec
a = Analysis(['calculator.py'],
             pathex=['/path/to/project'],
             binaries=[],
             datas=[],
             hiddenimports=[],
             hookspath=[])

pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
             cipher=block_cipher)

exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          a.binaries,
          a.zipfiles,
          a.datas,
          [],
          name='calculator',
          debug=False,
          bootloader_ignore_signals=False,
          strip=False,
          upx=True,
          upx_exclude=[],
          runtime_tmpdir=None,
          console=False,
          icon='calculator.ico')

app = BUNDLE(exe,
             name='calculator.app',
             icon=None,
             bundle_identifier=None)

Note that we need to change the path of "calculator.py" with "/ path/to/project" with our actual project path.

Next, we can use the following command to execute the configuration file for packaging:

pyinstaller calculator.spec

6. Conclusion
Through the introduction of this article, we learn Learn how to use PyCharm to package Python code into an executable file. We first installed the PyInstaller tool, then created a sample project in PyCharm and wrote a simple Python code. Finally, we packaged the code into an executable file through PyInstaller commands and learned how to customize the packaging configuration.

I hope this article can help you and make your Python project run on different machines more conveniently. Happy programming!

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