Use PyCharm to simplify project packaging: simple operations make your code a standalone application

Use PyCharm to easily package projects: simple operations to turn your code into an independent application

Introduction:
In the development process of Python, we often use some External libraries and modules to help us implement functionality. But when we share the code with others, they may not have installed the libraries and modules we use, resulting in the code being unable to run properly. To solve this problem, we can use the packaging tools provided by PyCharm to package our code and dependencies together into a standalone application so that others can run it directly without installing additional components. This article will introduce how to use PyCharm for project packaging and provide corresponding code examples.

Step 1: Create a project
First, create a new project in PyCharm. You can select an existing project or create a completely new one. Let's say the code we want to package is a simple calculator application.

Step 2: Add dependencies
Next, we need to add the libraries and modules the project depends on to the project. In PyCharm's project settings, select Project Interpreter to see the Python interpreter used by the current project and add/remove dependencies. Click the " " button in the upper right corner, search for the library or module you want to add, select and install it in the search results.

For example, our calculator application uses an external library called "numpy". We can search for and install the "numpy" module to use it in our project.

Step 3: Write the code
Next, we can start writing our code. Create a Python file in PyCharm, such as "calculator.py". In the file, we can define a simple calculator class that contains various common mathematical operation methods.

import numpy as np

class Calculator:
    def add(self, a, b):
        return np.add(a, b)
    
    def subtract(self, a, b):
        return np.subtract(a, b)
    
    def multiply(self, a, b):
        return np.multiply(a, b)
    
    def divide(self, a, b):
        return np.divide(a, b)

Step 4: Configure packaging options
After completing the code writing, we need to perform some configuration to specify packaging options. In PyCharm, we can use the "PyInstaller" tool provided by the "PyCharm Professional" version to perform packaging operations. First, select "File" -> "Settings" to enter the PyCharm settings interface.

In the settings interface, expand "Build, Execution, Deployment" -> "Deployment" and select "Python Interpreter". In the upper right corner of the "Python Interpreter" settings page, you can see a "PyInstaller" button. Click the button, select "Add", and specify the Python script for packaging (i.e. our "calculator.py" file).

Next, in the "Scripts" list, select additional scripts (if any) to be included in the executable file. Click "OK" to save the configuration.

Step 5: Packaging the project
After completing the configuration, we can start packaging the project. In PyCharm's top menu bar, select "Build" -> "Build Project". PyCharm will automatically perform the packaging operation and generate the packaged executable file in the project directory.

Step 6: Test the packaged application
Now, we can test whether the generated executable file runs normally after successful packaging. In the project directory, find the generated executable file (usually an executable file, a batch file, or a shell script) and double-click to run it.

Taking the Windows system as an example, we can find the executable file named "calculator.exe". Double-click to run and a command line interface will appear and wait for user input.

> calculator.exe

In the command line, we can execute various calculation methods we defined in the calculator class.

> calculator.exe
1. Addition
2. Subtraction
3. Multiplication
4. Division
Please enter your choice: 1

Enter the first number: 5
Enter the second number: 3

Result: 8

Conclusion:
Through the packaging tools provided by PyCharm, we can easily package the Python project into a stand-alone application so that others can run it directly without installing additional components. This article describes the steps for packaging a project using PyCharm and provides code examples using a simple calculator application as an example. I hope readers can use the guidance of this article to successfully package their Python projects into independent applications and achieve better code sharing and reuse.

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