深入Mysql字符集设置分析_MySQL
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基本概念
• 字符(Character)是指人类语言中最小的表义符号。例如'A'、'B'等;
• 给定一系列字符,对每个字符赋予一个数值,用数值来代表对应的字符,这一数值就是字符的编码(Encoding)。例如,我们给字符'A'赋予数值0,给字符'B'赋予数值1,则0就是字符'A'的编码;
• 给定一系列字符并赋予对应的编码后,所有这些字符和编码对组成的集合就是字符集(Character Set)。例如,给定字符列表为{'A','B'}时,{'A'=>0, 'B'=>1}就是一个字符集;
• 字符序(Collation)是指在同一字符集内字符之间的比较规则;
• 确定字符序后,才能在一个字符集上定义什么是等价的字符,以及字符之间的大小关系;
• 每个字符序唯一对应一种字符集,但一个字符集可以对应多种字符序,其中有一个是默认字符序(Default Collation);
• MySQL中的字符序名称遵从命名惯例:以字符序对应的字符集名称开头;以_ci(表示大小写不敏感)、_cs(表示大小写敏感)或_bin(表示按编码值比较)结尾。例如:在字符序``utf8_general_ci''下,字符``a''和``A''是等价的;
MySQL字符集设置
• 系统变量:

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