Home Database Mysql Tutorial mysql多个TimeStamp设置的方法解读_MySQL

mysql多个TimeStamp设置的方法解读_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:23 PM
mysql

bitsCN.com timestamp设置默认值是Default CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
timestamp设置随着表变化而自动更新是ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

但是由于
一个表中至多只能有一个字段设置CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
两行设置DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP是不行的。

还有一点要注意

CREATE TABLE `device` (
`id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`toid` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'toid',
`createtime` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
`updatetime` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '最后更新时间',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE INDEX `toid` (`toid`)
)
COMMENT='设备表'
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;

像这个设置也是不行的。
原因是mysql会默认为表中的第一个timestamp字段(且设置了NOT NULL)隐式设置DEFAULAT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP。所以说上例那样的设置实际上等同于设置了两个CURRENT_TIMESTAMP。

分析需求
一个表中,有两个字段,createtime和updatetime。
1 当insert的时候,sql两个字段都不设置,会设置为当前的时间
2 当update的时候,sql中两个字段都不设置,updatetime会变更为当前的时间

这样的需求是做不到的。因为你无法避免在两个字段上设置CURRENT_TIMESTAMP

解决办法有几个:
1 使用触发器
当insert和update的时候触发器触发时间设置。
网上有人使用这种方法。当然不怀疑这个方法的可用性。但是对于实际的场景来说,无疑是为了解决小问题,增加了复杂性。
2 将第一个timestamp的default设置为0
表结构如下:

CREATE TABLE `device` (
`id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`toid` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'toid',
`createtime` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '创建时间',
`updatetime` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '最后更新时间',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE INDEX `toid` (`toid`)
)
COMMENT='设备表'
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;

这样的话,你需要的插入和更新操作变为:
insert into device set toid=11,createtime=null;
update device set toid=22 where id=1;

这里注意的是插入操作的createtime必须设置为null!!
虽然我也觉得这种方法很不爽,但是这样只需要稍微修改insert操作就能为sql语句减负,感觉上还是值得的。这也确实是修改数据库最小又能保证需求的方法了。当然这个方法也能和1方法同时使用,就能起到减少触发器编写数量的效果了。
3 老老实实在sql语句中使用时间戳。
这个是最多人也是最常选择的
表结构上不做过多的设计:

CREATE TABLE `device` (
`id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`toid` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'toid',
`createtime` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
`updatetime` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL COMMENT '最后更新时间',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE INDEX `toid` (`toid`)
)
COMMENT='设备表'
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;

这样你就需要在插入和update的操作的时候写入具体的时间戳。
insert device set toid=11,createtime='2012-11-2 10:10:10',updatetime='2012-11-2 10:10:10'
update device set toid=22,updatetime='2012-11-2 10:10:10' where id=1
其实反观想想,这样做的好处也有一个:current_timestamp是mysql特有的,当数据库从mysql转移到其他数据库的时候,业务逻辑代码是不用修改的。

ps:这三种方法的取舍就完全看你自己的考虑了。顺便说一下,最后,我还是选择第三种方法。bitsCN.com

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