Common operating commands and instructions for the command line interface of Linux virtual machines

Linux virtual machine is an operating system running in a virtualized environment. Similar to a chemical machine, it also has a command line interface, also called a terminal or console. Through the command line interface, you can use commands to perform various operations, including file management, process control, network configuration, and more.

The command line interface for operating Linux virtual machines can be divided into four aspects for detailed explanation: login, basic operations, file management and system management.

Part One: Login

First, you need to start the virtual machine and open the terminal. During the boot process, you can press some keys (such as F12, Del, or ESC, depending on the virtualization software) linux system modify command line font size to choose where to boot from. Generally, you need to choose to boot from the hard disk to enter the virtual machine's operating system. Once booting is complete, the virtual machine will display a login prompt.

At the prompt, you need to enter your username and password, and press Enter to log in. If you are using a Linux distribution that is installed by default, the username is usually "root" or your personal username.

Part 2: Basic Operation

Once logged in successfully, you can perform various basic operations on the command line interface. The following are some common operation commands:

pwd: Displays the absolute path of the current working directory. cd: Modify the current working directory. For example, cd/home will switch to the /home directory. ls: List the files and directories of the current working directory. cp: Copy files or directories. For example, cpfile1file2 will copy file1 and name it file2. mv: Unicom file or directoryLinux system changes the command line font size, and can also be used to rename files. For example, linux site:infoq.cn, mvfile1file2 connects file1 to the directory named file2 or renames file1 to file2. rm: Delete files or directories. For example, rmfile1 will delete the file1 file. mkdir: Create a new directory. For example, mkdirnewdir will create a new directory named newdir. nano: Opens a plain text file for editing. For example, nanofile1 will open a file named file1 for editing.

Part 3: File Management

Through the command line interface, you can easily manage files. The following are some commonly used file operation commands:

cat: Display file content. grep: Search for files containing specific strings. For example, grep "keyword" file1 will search for lines containing "keyword" in file1. chmod: Modify the permissions of a file or directory. For example, chmod777file1 will give file file1 read, write, and execute permissions. chown: Modify the owner of a file or directory. For example, chownuser1file1 will change the ownership of file1 to user1. tar: Create or extract archive files. For example, tar-cvfarchive.tarfile1 will create an archive file named archive.tar and dump file1 into it.

Part 4: System Management

Through the command line interface, you can perform various system management tasks. The following are some commonly used system management commands:

ps: Display currently running processes. top: Monitor system performance and process information in real time. ifconfig: Display and configure network socket information. For example, ifconfigeth0 will display information about the Ethernet socket eth0. ping: Test a connection to another computer. For example, ping192.168.0.1 will test the connection to the computer with IP address 192.168.0.1. apt-get (on Debian/Ubuntu) or yum (on CentOS/Fedora): Install, update and uninstall packages. reboot: Restart the system. shutdown: Shut down the system.

Summarize

In this article, we introduce in detail how to operate the command line interface of a Linux virtual machine. Through login, basic operations, file management and system management, you can use various commands to perform various tasks linux system log, thus better understanding and managing Linux virtual machines. Although this only covers some basic commands, they are enough to get you started working on a Linux virtual machine.

The above is the detailed content of Common operating commands and instructions for the command line interface of Linux virtual machines. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!