MYSQL之插入极限分析_MySQL
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1、如果同时从同一个客户端插入很多行,使用含多个 VALUE的INSERT语句同时插入几行。这比使用单行INSERT语句快(在某些情况下快几倍)。如果你正向一个非空表添加数据,可以调节 bulk_insert_buffer_size变量,使数据插入更快。参见5.3.3 节,“服务器系统变量”。
2、如果你从不同的客户端插入很多行,能通过INSERT DELAYED语句加快速度。参见13.2.4 节,“INSERT语法”。
3、用MyISAM,如果在表中没有删除的行,能在SELECT语句正在运行的同时插入行。
4、当从一个文本文件装载一个表时,使用LOAD DATA INFILE。这通常比使用很多INSERT语句快20倍。参见13.2.5 节,“LOAD DATA INFILE语法”。
5、当表有很多索引时,有可能要多做些工作使得LOAD DATA INFILE更快些。使用下列过程:
1). 有选择地用CREATE TABLE创建表。
2). 执行FLUSH TABLES语句或命令mysqladmin flush-tables。
3). 使用myisamchk --keys-used=0 -rq /path/to/db/tbl_name。这将从表中取消所有索引的使用。
4). 用LOAD DATA INFILE把数据插入到表中,因为不更新任何索引,因此很快。
5). 如果只想在以后读取表,使用myisampack压缩它。参见15.1.3.3 节,“压缩表特性”。
6). 用myisamchk -r -q /path/to/db/tbl_name重新创建索引。这将在写入磁盘前在内存中创建索引树,并且它更快,因为避免了大量磁盘搜索。结果索引树也被完美地平衡。
7). 执行FLUSH TABLES语句或mysqladmin flush-tables命令。
6、锁定表可以加速用多个语句执行的INSERT操作:
* LOCK TABLES a WRITE;
* INSERT INTO a VALUES (1,23),(2,34),(4,33);
* INSERT INTO a VALUES (8,26),(6,29);
* UNLOCK TABLES;
这样性能会提高,因为索引缓存区仅在所有INSERT语句完成后刷新到磁盘上一次。一般有多少INSERT语句即有多少索引缓存区刷新。如果能用一个语句插入所有的行,就不需要锁定。
对于事务表,应使用BEGIN和COMMIT代替LOCK TABLES来加快插入。bitsCN.com

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