基于MySQL数据库复制Master-Slave架构的分析_MySQL
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为了应用系统的可伸缩性，往往需要对数据库进行scale out设计，scale out设计也就是通过增加数据库处理节点来提高系统整体的处理能力，即增加数据库服务器的数量来分担压力。通过这种方式系统的伸缩性增强了，成本也降低了，但是系统的架构复杂了，维护困难了。难免出现系统的宕机或故障。因此，理论上来说，系统的安全性（可能数据丢失）降低了，可用性也降低了。那么要提高数据安全性，以及系统的高可用性，很简单的办法就是所有软硬件都避免单点隐患，所有数据都保存多份。从技术上来说，就可以通过数据库复制技术实现。MySQL的Replication技术就是数据库复制的实现手段之一。
关于MySQL的Replication，有几种可选的架构方案，如常规的复制架构Master-Slave方案，Dual Master架构方案，以及级联复制架构方案，今天重点看看最简单的Master-Slave方案，其架构图如下所示：
这种架构方案，也就是一台MySQL服务器作为主服务器，主要负责应用客户端的写数据处理，同时供其他的一些作为Slave的MySQL服务器复制数据的源。而那些Slave服务器上的数据都是master服务器数据的完全备份，相对实时备份，这些备份数据主要供应用客户端的读数据使用，因为一般应用系统的读数据的压力都比写数据的压力大，特别是web应用系统。
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