Home Database Mysql Tutorial mysql使用rand随机查询记录的高效率方法_MySQL

mysql使用rand随机查询记录的高效率方法_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:29 PM
mysql Record

bitsCN.com

mysql使用rand随机查询记录的高效率方法

 

一直以为mysql随机查询几条数据,就用   

SELECT * FROM `table` ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 5  
Copy after login

就可以了。

但是真正测试一下才发现这样效率非常低。一个15万余条的库,查询5条数据,居然要8秒以上

查看官方手册,也说rand()放在ORDER BY 子句中会被执行多次,自然效率及很低。

You cannot use a column with RAND() values in an ORDER BY clause, because ORDER BY would evaluate the column multiple times.

搜索Google,网上基本上都是查询max(id) * rand()来随机获取数据。

SELECT *   FROM `table` AS t1 JOIN (SELECT ROUND(RAND() * (SELECT MAX(id) FROM `table`)) AS id) AS t2   WHERE t1.id >= t2.id   ORDER BY t1.id ASC LIMIT 5;   
Copy after login

但是这样会产生连续的5条记录。解决办法只能是每次查询一条,查询5次。即便如此也值得,因为15万条的表,查询只需要0.01秒不到。

上面的语句采用的是JOIN,mysql的论坛上有人使用

SELECT *   FROM `table`   WHERE id >= (SELECT FLOOR( MAX(id) * RAND()) FROM `table` )   ORDER BY id LIMIT 1;   
Copy after login

我测试了一下,需要0.5秒,速度也不错,但是跟上面的语句还是有很大差距。总觉有什么地方不正常。

于是我把语句改写了一下。

SELECT * FROM `table`   WHERE id >= (SELECT floor(RAND() * (SELECT MAX(id) FROM `table`)))    ORDER BY id LIMIT 1;   
Copy after login

这下,效率又提高了,查询时间只有0.01秒

最后,再把语句完善一下,加上MIN(id)的判断。我在最开始测试的时候,就是因为没有加上MIN(id)的判断,结果有一半的时间总是查询到表中的前面几行。

完整查询语句是:

SELECT * FROM `table`   WHERE id >= (SELECT floor( RAND() * ((SELECT MAX(id) FROM `table`)-(SELECT MIN(id) FROM `table`)) + (SELECT MIN(id) FROM `table`)))    ORDER BY id LIMIT 1;   SELECT *   FROM `table` AS t1 JOIN (SELECT ROUND(RAND() * ((SELECT MAX(id) FROM `table`)-(SELECT MIN(id) FROM `table`))+(SELECT MIN(id) FROM `table`)) AS id) AS t2   WHERE t1.id >= t2.id   ORDER BY t1.id LIMIT 1;   
Copy after login

 

  

最后在php中对这两个语句进行分别查询10次,   

前者花费时间 0.147433 秒   

后者花费时间 0.015130 秒   

看来采用JOIN的语法比直接在WHERE中使用函数效率还要高很多。

 

bitsCN.com
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

How to open phpmyadmin How to open phpmyadmin Apr 10, 2025 pm 10:51 PM

You can open phpMyAdmin through the following steps: 1. Log in to the website control panel; 2. Find and click the phpMyAdmin icon; 3. Enter MySQL credentials; 4. Click "Login".

MySQL: An Introduction to the World's Most Popular Database MySQL: An Introduction to the World's Most Popular Database Apr 12, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

How to use single threaded redis How to use single threaded redis Apr 10, 2025 pm 07:12 PM

Redis uses a single threaded architecture to provide high performance, simplicity, and consistency. It utilizes I/O multiplexing, event loops, non-blocking I/O, and shared memory to improve concurrency, but with limitations of concurrency limitations, single point of failure, and unsuitable for write-intensive workloads.

MySQL's Place: Databases and Programming MySQL's Place: Databases and Programming Apr 13, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen

Why Use MySQL? Benefits and Advantages Why Use MySQL? Benefits and Advantages Apr 12, 2025 am 12:17 AM

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

How to connect to the database of apache How to connect to the database of apache Apr 13, 2025 pm 01:03 PM

Apache connects to a database requires the following steps: Install the database driver. Configure the web.xml file to create a connection pool. Create a JDBC data source and specify the connection settings. Use the JDBC API to access the database from Java code, including getting connections, creating statements, binding parameters, executing queries or updates, and processing results.

Monitor Redis Droplet with Redis Exporter Service Monitor Redis Droplet with Redis Exporter Service Apr 10, 2025 pm 01:36 PM

Effective monitoring of Redis databases is critical to maintaining optimal performance, identifying potential bottlenecks, and ensuring overall system reliability. Redis Exporter Service is a powerful utility designed to monitor Redis databases using Prometheus. This tutorial will guide you through the complete setup and configuration of Redis Exporter Service, ensuring you seamlessly build monitoring solutions. By studying this tutorial, you will achieve fully operational monitoring settings

How to view sql database error How to view sql database error Apr 10, 2025 pm 12:09 PM

The methods for viewing SQL database errors are: 1. View error messages directly; 2. Use SHOW ERRORS and SHOW WARNINGS commands; 3. Access the error log; 4. Use error codes to find the cause of the error; 5. Check the database connection and query syntax; 6. Use debugging tools.

See all articles