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什么是MySQL视图_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:30 PM
database

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什么是MySQL视图

 

视图是一个虚拟表,其内容由查询定义。同真实的表一样,视图包含一系列带有名称的列和行数据。但是,视图并不在数据库中以存储的数据值集形式存在。行和列数据来自由定义视图的查询所引用的表,并且在引用视图时动态生成。对其中所引用的基础表来说,视图的作用类似于筛选。定义视图的筛选可以来自当前或其它数据库的一个或多个表,或者其它视图。通过视图进行查询没有任何限制,通过它们进行数据修改时的限制也很少。

    视图是存储在数据库中的查询的sql 语句,它主要出于两种原因:安全原因, 视图可以隐藏一些数据,如:社会保险基金表,可以用视图只显示姓名,地址,而不显示社会保险号和工资数等,另一原因是可使复杂的查询易于理解和使用。

    所以视图不是真实存在的基础表而是一张虚表,视图所对应的数据并不实际地以视图结构存储在数据库中,而是存储在视图所引用的表中。视图一经定义便存储在数据库中,与其相对应的数据并没有像表那样又在数据库中再存储一份,通过视图看到的数据只是存放在基本表中的数据。对视图的操作与对表的操作一样,可以对其进行查询、修改(有一定的限制)、删除。当对通过视图看到的数据进行修改时,相应的基本表的数据也要发生变化,同时,若基本表的数据发生变化,则这种变化也可以自动地反映到视图中。

视图有很多优点,主要表现在:

•视点集中

•简化操作

•定制数据

•合并分割数据

•安全性

如何创建一个视图

create view 视图名称  as select * from  表明  where 条件;

如:create view v_t1 as select * from t1 where id>4 and id

查看视图:

show tables;   

这时候你会发现数据库中多了一张表,这就是视图表,并不是一张真正的表而是一张虚拟表,同样你也可以对视图表进行增、删、查、改。

删除视图:

drop  视图名称;

视图表和数据表具有依赖性,一旦主表被删除,查询视图表的时候就会报错

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