Java thread synchronization and mutual exclusion: essential skills for multi-threaded programming, master it to make your program as smooth as silk

1 Introduction

Java thread synchronization and mutual exclusion are indispensable skills in multi-threaded programming. PHP editor Banana pointed out that mastering this skill can make your program run silky smooth. By properly managing mutually exclusive access and synchronization operations between threads, data chaos and race conditions can be avoided and the stability and reliability of the program can be ensured. An in-depth understanding of the principles and applications of Java thread synchronization and mutual exclusion is of great significance for improving program performance and efficiency.

2. Thread synchronization

Thread synchronization refers to coordinating their access through some mechanism when multiple threads access shared resources at the same time to ensure data integrity and consistency. Java provides a variety of thread synchronization mechanisms, including locks, semaphores, barriers and condition variables, etc.

3. Mutual exclusion

Mutual exclusion is a special case of thread synchronization, which requires that only one thread of multiple threads can access shared resources at the same time. Locks can be used to implement mutual exclusion in Java. A lock is an object that provides exclusive access to a shared resource. When a thread acquires a lock, other threads cannot access the shared resource until the thread releases the lock.

4. Demo code

The following is an example demonstrating thread synchronization and mutual exclusion in Java:

public class ThreadSyncDemo {

private static int count = 0;

public static void main(String[] args) {
// 创建两个线程
Thread thread1 = new Thread(() -> {
// 获得锁
synchronized (ThreadSyncDemo.class) {
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
count++;
}
}
});

Thread thread2 = new Thread(() -> {
// 获得锁
synchronized (ThreadSyncDemo.class) {
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
count++;
}
}
});

// 启动两个线程
thread1.start();
thread2.start();

// 等待两个线程结束
try {
thread1.join();
thread2.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

// 打印count的值
System.out.println("Count: " + count);
}
}

In the above example, the count variable is a shared resource and two threads access it at the same time. In order to ensure that two threads will not modify the count variable at the same time, we use the synchronized keyword on the count variable, thus achieving the count Mutually exclusive access to variables.

5. Summary

Thread synchronization and mutual exclusion are very important concepts in multi-threaded programming. By using thread synchronization and mutual exclusion, you can ensure that there will be no conflicts when multiple threads access shared resources at the same time, thereby ensuring the correctness and reliability of the program.

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