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MySQL整数/日期/时间类型说明_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:31 PM
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MySQL整数/日期/时间类型说明

 

MySQL 整数类型:所占存储空间、整数范围比较。

MySQL 日期类型:日期格式、所占存储空间、日期范围 比较。

MySQL 时间类型:时间格式、所占存储空间、时间范围。

 

一,mysql整数类型:

TINYINT,SMALLINT,MEDIUMINT,INT,BIGINT。分别使用8,16,24,32,64位存储空间。

MySQL 整数类型:所占存储空间、整数范围比较。

整数类型        存储空间       无符号整数范围                     有符号整数范围

------------  ---------   ------------------------  ----------------------------------------- tinyint        8  bits   0 ~ 255                   -128 ~ 127 smallint       16 bits   0 ~ 65535                 -32768  ~ 32767 mediumint      24 bits   0 ~ 16777216              -8388608 ~ 8388607 int            32 bits   0 ~ 4294967295            -2147483648 ~ 2147483647 bigint         64 bits   0 ~ 18446744073709551615  -9223372036854775808 ~ 9223372036854775807
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存储的值的范围为-2(N-1)到2(N-1)-1,无符号存储范围0到2N-1。

mysql可以为整数类型指定宽度,例如int(11),对大多数应用来说这是无意义的:它不会限制值的合法范围,只是规定mysql的一些交互工具(例如mysql命令行客户端)用来显示字符的个数。对于存储和计算来说,int(1)和int(20)是相同的。

二,mysql日期类型:

MySQL 日期类型:日期格式、所占存储空间、日期范围 比较。

日期类型 存储空间 日期格式 日期范围

------------  ---------   --------------------- ----------------------------------------- datetime       8 bytes   YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS   1000-01-01 00:00:00 ~ 9999-12-31 23:59:59 timestamp      4 bytes   YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS   1970-01-01 00:00:01 ~ 2038 date           3 bytes   YYYY-MM-DD            1000-01-01          ~ 9999-12-31 year           1 bytes   YYYY                  1901                ~ 2155
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timestamp 类型的列还有个特性:默认情况下,在 insert, update 数据时,timestamp 列会自动以当前时间(CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)填充/更新。“自动”的意思就是,你不去管它,MySQL 会替你去处理。

timestamp显示的值依赖于时区,mysql服务器,操作系统,以及客户端连接都有时区设置。datetime显示的值与时区无关系,保留文本表示的日期和时间。

三,mysql时间类型:

MySQL 时间类型:时间格式、所占存储空间、时间范围。

时间类型 存储空间 时间格式 时间范围

------------ --------- --------------------- -----------------------------------------

time 3 bytes HH:MM:SS -838:59:59 ~ 838:59:59

time 时间范围居然有这么大的范围,特别是 time 可以取负值,有点奇怪。后来,看了 MySQL 手册才知道这是为了满足两个日期时间相减才这样设计的。

select timediff('2000:01:31 23:59:59', '2000:01:01 00:00:00');  --  743:59:59select timediff('2000:01:01 00:00:00', '2000:01:31 23:59:59');  -- -743:59:59select timediff('23:59:59', '12:00:00');                        --  11:59:59
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注意,timediff 的两个参数只能是 datetime/timestamp, time 类型的,并且这两个参数类型要相同。即:datetime/timestamp 和 datetime/timestamp 比较;time 和 time 相比较。

 

虽然 MySQL 中的日期时间类型比较丰富,但遗憾的是,目前(2008-08-08)这些日期时间类型只能支持到秒级别,不支持毫秒、微秒。也没有产生毫秒的函数。

 

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