How to implement serial communication in python

Title: Implementation and code examples of Serial communication in Python

Introduction:
Serial communication is a common method for data transmission and is widely used In various fields, such as Internet of Things, embedded systems, robots, etc. As a simple and easy-to-use scripting language, Python also provides the Serial library to implement serial communication functions. This article will introduce how to use Python's Serial library for serial communication, and attach specific code examples.

1. Installation of the Serial library
Before performing serial communication in Python, we need to install the PySerial library. You can enter the following command through the command line to install:

pip install pyserial

After the installation is complete, we can use the Serial library in Python.

2. Basic usage of the Serial library
The Serial library provides a series of interfaces and methods for setting and controlling serial port parameters and sending and receiving data. The following is an example of usage of the Serial library:

1. Import Serial library

   import serial

2. Create Serial object

   ser = serial.Serial()

3. Open the serial port

   ser.port = 'COM1'  # 设置串口号
   ser.baudrate = 9600  # 设置波特率
   ser.open()  # 打开串口

4. Send data

   ser.write(b'Hello, world!')  # 发送数据

5. Receive data

   data = ser.readline()  # 读取数据
   print(data.decode())  # 打印数据

6. Close the serial port

   ser.close()  # 关闭串口

3. Practical application example
In order to demonstrate the use of the Serial library more clearly, below we will show a simple practical application example of serial communication: sending temperature data through the serial port, and Receive and print temperature information from the serial port.

1. Sender code:

   import serial
   import time
   
   ser = serial.Serial()
   ser.port = 'COM1'
   ser.baudrate = 9600
   ser.open()
   
   while True:
    temperature = input("请输入当前温度：")  # 输入温度
    ser.write(temperature.encode())  # 发送温度数据
   
    time.sleep(1)  # 延时1秒

2. Receiver code:

   import serial
   
   ser = serial.Serial()
   ser.port = 'COM2'
   ser.baudrate = 9600
   ser.open()
   
   while True:
    data = ser.readline()  # 读取串口数据
    temperature = float(data.decode())  # 将字符串转换为浮点数
    print("当前温度：{}℃".format(temperature))  # 打印温度信息

   In the above example, The sending end obtains the temperature data through the input function, and sends the data to the serial port after encoding. The receiving end reads data from the serial port, decodes the data into a string through the decode function, and then converts it into a floating point number and prints it.

   Conclusion:
   Through the use of the Serial library in Python, we can easily implement serial communication and send and receive data. We hope that the code examples in this article can help readers better understand and apply the Serial library to achieve various serial communication needs.

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