How to test storage/disk I/O performance in Linux system server?

In a Linux system server, you can use a variety of tools to test storage/disk I/O performance. Two commonly used methods are introduced below:

1. Use hdparm tool:

   • Make sure the hdparm tool has been installed. If it is not installed, you can use the following command to install it:

     sudo apt-get install hdparm  # Ubuntu/Debiansudo yum install hdparm      # CentOS/RHEL

   • Run the following command to test the read performance of the disk:

     sudo hdparm -Tt /dev/sdX

     Replace
     /dev/sdX with the actual disk device name you want to test. This will show the disk's cached and uncached read speeds.

2. Use fio tools:

   • Make sure the fio tool is installed. If it is not installed, you can use the following command to install it:

     sudo apt-get install fio   # Ubuntu/Debiansudo yum install fio       # CentOS/RHEL

   • Create a test configuration file (for example
     test.fio) and use the following content:

     [global]
     ioengine=libaio
     direct=1
     runtime=60s
     time_based
     numjobs=1
     size=1G
     [test]
     rw=readwrite

   • Run the following command to execute the test:

     sudo fio test.fio

     This will perform a mixed read and write test with a run time of 60 seconds, using 1 job and 1GB of data.

These tools can help you test the read and write performance of the disk and provide various performance indicators and statistics. Please note that when running these tests, ensure that no important data is stored on the disk being tested, and exercise caution to avoid unnecessary impact on the system and data.

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