thinkphp5 routing detailed explanation

ThinkPHP5 routing details

With the rapid development of the Internet, the development of Web applications has become more and more important. When developing web applications, we often need to perform corresponding operations based on different URL addresses. This requires the use of routing technology to help us distribute and process requests. ThinkPHP5 is a popular PHP development framework that provides powerful routing functions to facilitate us to quickly build web applications. This article will introduce the routing function of ThinkPHP5 in detail.

1. What is routing

Routing refers to the process of distributing requests to different controllers and methods for processing based on different URL addresses. In traditional web development, we usually use query strings of URL addresses for routing, such as: http://example.com/index.php?c=controller&a=action. However, this approach is not intuitive enough and does not meet the needs of modern web development. ThinkPHP5 provides a routing function based on URL paths, which can implement routing more concisely and intuitively.

2. Routing configuration

In ThinkPHP5, routing configuration is saved in the route/route.php file. By modifying this file, we can configure routing rules and routing parameters.

1. Basic routing configuration

ThinkPHP5 supports routing configuration for GET, POST, PUT, DELETE and any HTTP request. We can use the static methods of the Route class to define different request routes.

use thinkacadeRoute;

// GET 请求路由
Route::get('hello/:name', 'index/hello');
// POST 请求路由
Route::post('login', 'user/login');
// PUT 请求路由
Route::put('user/:id', 'user/update');
// DELETE 请求路由
Route::delete('user/:id', 'user/delete');
// 任意 HTTP 请求路由
Route::any('test', 'index/test');

In the above example, Route::get() means defining a GET request route. The :name after the colon indicates routing parameters, which can be received through parameters in the controller method. Route::post(), Route::put(), Route::delete() and Route::any()Similarly.

2. Route grouping configuration

We often need to group manage a group of routes. In ThinkPHP5, we can use the Route::group() method to define route groups.

use thinkacadeRoute;

// 定义路由分组
Route::group('admin', function() {
    // 管理员登录
    Route::post('login', 'admin/login');
    // 管理员列表
    Route::get('user', 'admin/user');
});

In the above example, Route::group() defines a routing group named admin. This group contains two routes: administrator login and administrator list. Accessing http://example.com/admin/login in the browser will execute the corresponding method of the admin/login controller.

3. Routing parameters and parameter binding

1. Routing parameters

Routing parameters refer to using variables in the URL path to transfer parameters. In ThinkPHP5, we can define routing parameters by using a colon plus the parameter name in the routing path.

use thinkacadeRoute;

Route::get('user/:id', 'user/info');

In the above example, user/:id defines a routing parameter named id. When we access http://example.com/user/1, the corresponding method of the user/info controller will be executed and the parameter value 1 will be passed to the method.

2. Routing parameter binding

In ThinkPHP5, routing parameter binding is also supported to bind routing parameters directly to the parameters of the controller method and perform Automatic type conversion. We can configure parameter binding in the app/route/bind.php file.

// app/route/bind.php

return [
    // 将路由参数 id 绑定到控制器方法的 $id 参数上
    'id' => 'ppindexcontrollerUser@getInfo',
];

In the above example, when accessing http://example.com/user/1, the getInfo of the User controller will be executed. method and bind the parameter value 1 to the $id parameter of the method.

4. Routing alias and domain name binding

1. Routing alias

In ThinkPHP5, we can define aliases for routes to simplify URL addresses. We can define aliases for routes using the name() method in routing configuration.

use thinkacadeRoute;

Route::get('hello/:name', 'index/hello')->name('hello');

In the above example, name('hello') defines a routing alias named hello. Accessing the alias is equivalent to accessing the actual routing path.

2. Domain name binding

ThinkPHP5 also supports routing binding through domain names. We can use the domain() method in routing configuration to define domain name binding.

use thinkacadeRoute;

Route::domain('api', function() {
    // API 路由
    Route::post('user', 'api/user/create');
})->ext('json');

In the above example, domain('api') defines a domain name binding named api. When accessing http://api.example.com/user, the corresponding method of the api/user/create controller will be executed.

5. Route distribution and reversal

1. Route distribution

In ThinkPHP5, route distribution refers to distributing requests to The corresponding controller and method are executed. We can use the Route::dispatch() method to distribute routes.

use thinkacadeRoute;

// 路由分发
Route::dispatch($request);

In the above code, $request is the request object. We can obtain the current request object through the Request class provided by the framework.

2. Route reversal

In ThinkPHP5, route reversal refers to generating the corresponding URL address based on the names of controllers and methods. We can use the url() function for route reversal.

use thinkacadeUrl;

// 路由反转
$url = url('index/hello', ['name' => 'thinkphp']);

在以上例子中，'index/hello' 是控制器和方法的名称，['name' => 'thinkphp'] 是路由参数。url() 函数会根据给定的控制器和方法名称以及参数生成对应的 URL 地址。

六、总结

本文详细介绍了 ThinkPHP5 的路由功能。我们了解了路由的基本概念，学习了路由的配置和参数绑定，掌握了路由别名和域名绑定的用法，并了解了路由分发和反转的操作。通过灵活运用 ThinkPHP5 的路由功能，我们可以更加高效地开发 Web 应用程序，提升开发效率和用户体验。使用 ThinkPHP5，让我们的 Web 应用程序如行云流水般顺畅！

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