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mysql插入数据后返回自增ID的方法_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:33 PM
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mysql插入数据后返回自增ID的方法

 

mysql和oracle插入的时候有一个很大的区别是,oracle支持序列做id,mysql本身有一个列可以做自增长字段,mysql在插入一条数据后,如何能获得到这个自增id的值呢?

 

方法一是使用last_insert_id

 

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mysql> SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID();

    产生的ID 每次连接后保存在服务器中。这意味着函数向一个给定客户端返回的值是该客户端产生对影响AUTO_INCREMENT列的最新语句第一个 AUTO_INCREMENT值的。这个值不能被其它客户端影响,即使它们产生它们自己的 AUTO_INCREMENT值。这个行为保证了你能够找回自己的 ID 而不用担心其它客户端的活动,而且不需要加锁或处理。 

 

    每次mysql_query操作在mysql服务器上可以理解为一次“原子”操作, 写操作常常需要锁表的, 是mysql应用服务器锁表不是我们的应用程序锁表。

 

    值得注意的是,如果你一次插入了多条记录,这个函数返回的是第一个记录的ID值。

 

    因为LAST_INSERT_ID是基于Connection的,只要每个线程都使用独立的Connection对象,LAST_INSERT_ID函数将返回该Connection对AUTO_INCREMENT列最新的insert or update*作生成的第一个record的ID。这个值不能被其它客户端(Connection)影响,保证了你能够找回自己的 ID 而不用担心其它客户端的活动,而且不需要加锁。使用单INSERT语句插入多条记录,  LAST_INSERT_ID返回一个列表。

 

    LAST_INSERT_ID 是与table无关的,如果向表a插入数据后,再向表b插入数据,LAST_INSERT_ID会改变。

 

方法二是使用max(id)

 

使用last_insert_id是基础连接的,如果换一个窗口的时候调用则会一直返回10

 

如果不是频繁的插入我们也可以使用这种方法来获取返回的id值

 

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select max(id) from user;

这个方法的缺点是不适合高并发。如果同时插入的时候返回的值可能不准确。

 

方法三是创建一个存储过程,在存储过程中调用先插入再获取最大值的操作

 

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DELIMITER $$

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DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `test` $$

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CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `test`(in name varchar(100),out oid int)

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BEGIN

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  insert into user(loginname) values(name);

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  select max(id) from user into oid;

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  select oid;

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END $$

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DELIMITER ;

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call test('gg',@id);

方法四使用@@identity

 

 

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select @@IDENTITY

    @@identity是表示的是最近一次向具有identity属性(即自增列)的表插入数据时对应的自增列的值,是系统定义的全局变量。一般系统定义的全局变量都是以@@开头,用户自定义变量以@开头。比如有个表A,它的自增列是id,当向A表插入一行数据后,如果插入数据后自增列的值自动增加至101,则通过select @@identity得到的值就是101。使用@@identity的前提是在进行insert操作后,执行select @@identity的时候连接没有关闭,否则得到的将是NULL值。

方法五是使用getGeneratedKeys()

 

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Connection conn = ;

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Serializable ret = null;

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PreparedStatement state = .;

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ResultSet rs=null;

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try {

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    state.executeUpdate();

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    rs = state.getGeneratedKeys();

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    if (rs.next()) {

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        ret = (Serializable) rs.getObject(1);

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    }     

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} catch (SQLException e) {

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}

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return ret;

总结一下,在mysql中做完插入之后获取id在高并发的时候是很容易出错的。另外last_insert_id虽然是基于session的但是不知道为什么没有测试成功。

 

其实在ibtias框架里使用selectkey这个节点,并设置insert返回值的类型为integer,就可以返回这个id值。

 

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