From absolute path to relative path: Linux path usage tips
In the Linux system, path is an important concept that we often encounter when operating files and directories. . In the use of paths, absolute paths and relative paths are two common representation methods. This article will delve into how to use paths flexibly in Linux systems, especially the technique of converting from absolute paths to relative paths, and demonstrate it through specific code examples.
First of all, we need to clarify the concepts of absolute paths and relative paths.
/
, such as /home/user/documents/file.txt
. ../documents/file.txt
means that the file file.txt
is located in the documents
folder, while The documents
folder is located in the upper directory of the current directory. In the actual development and operation process, we sometimes need to convert absolute paths into relative paths to facilitate flexible operation of files and directories in different environments. Below we introduce several methods and techniques.
realpath
commandrealpath
command to convert the absolute path into a normalized absolute path. Then, by comparing the absolute path with the current directory, the relative path can be obtained. The following is a sample code:
# 获取绝对路径 abs_path=$(realpath /home/ubuntu/workspace/file.txt) # 获取当前目录路径 current_dir=$(realpath .) # 使用相对路径表示文件 rel_path=$(realpath --relative-to=$current_dir $abs_path) echo "相对路径:$rel_path"
cd
commandAnother method is to switch the path through the cd
command, Then use relative paths to represent it. The following is a sample code:
# 进入目标文件所在的目录 cd /home/ubuntu/workspace # 利用相对路径表示文件 rel_path=documents/file.txt echo "相对路径:$rel_path"
Assume that the current directory is /home/ubuntu/work
, we want to copy the file /home/ubuntu /work/files/image.jpg
Convert to relative path. We can combine the above methods to get the following code:
# 获取绝对路径 abs_path=$(realpath /home/ubuntu/work/files/image.jpg) # 获取当前目录路径 current_dir=$(realpath .) # 使用相对路径表示文件 rel_path=$(realpath --relative-to=$current_dir $abs_path) echo "相对路径:$rel_path"
Through the above methods, we can easily convert absolute paths to relative paths and flexibly operate files and directories.
In short, in the Linux system, the flexible use of paths is one of the very important skills. Through the methods and sample codes introduced in this article, I hope readers can better understand and apply the conversion of absolute paths and relative paths, and improve the efficiency and convenience of operating files and directories.
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