Home Database Mysql Tutorial My SQL Server →5事务处理_MySQL

My SQL Server →5事务处理_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:34 PM

bitsCN.com

My SQL Server →5事务处理

 

.事务的概念

   事务机制将一组数据库操作命令当作一个完整且独立的操作序列,即一组命令要么全部执行成功,要么都执行失败。

1.事务的作用:要么所有操作全部完成,要么所有操作全部不执行。

2.什么是事务

     数据库中的事务是一种机制,每个事务时一个独立的工作单元,它包含了一组数据库操作命令,且这组命令要么执行,要么都不执行,因此事务时一个不可分割的工作逻辑单元。

3. 事务的属性:

①原子性:事务的各个元素是不可分的。

②一致性:事务完成时必须使所有的数据都保持一致。

③隔离性:对数据进行修改的所有并发事务时彼此隔离的。

④持久性:只要事务成功提交之后,就不能再次回滚到提交前的状态。

  

·事务的使用

1.创建事务:

①开始事务:BEGIN TRANSACTION

②提交事务:COMMIT TRANSACTION

③回滚事务:ROLLBACK TRANSACTION

分类:

    显示事务:用begin transaction明确指定事务的开始,后续的T-SQL语句都是一个整体。

    隐式事务:使用Set implicit_transaction on语句,将隐式事务设置为打开。

    自动提交事务:是SQL Server d的默认模式,它将每条单独的T-Sql语句视为一个事务,如果成功执行则自动提交,如果失败,则自动回滚。

常用的是显示事务,它明确指定事务开始的边界。事务包含的语句越少越好,无关的语句不要放在事务里,如变量的声明和赋值。

2.创建事务的原则:

①事务要尽可能的简短。

②在事务中访问的数据量要尽量最少。

③浏览数据时尽量不要打开事务。

④在事务处理期间尽量不要请求用户输入。

 

.在存储过程中使用事务

1.使用事务的注意事项:

①在每个操作之后,都有检查@@error 或 @@rowcount的值。

②当一个事务结束后,紧跟在事务之后的T-sql代码还可以继续执行,但是出错后就不能再回滚事务了。

③已经提交完毕的事务将会将数据正式写入数据库。

④在一个事务正在执行时,如发生停电等意外,则再下次重启系统是该事务会自动回滚。

⑤在事务例发生错误使得事务无法执行下去,事务也会自动回滚。

⑥无法回滚的语句不能再事务中使用。

例:

   create database 创建数据库

   alter database  修改数据库

   drop database   删除数据库

 

.事务的隔离级别

①Read uncommitted:不隔离数据,即使事务正在使用的同时,其他事务也能同时修改或删除该数据。

②Read committed:不允许读取没有提交的数据

③Repeatable Read:子事务中锁定所读取的数据不让比人修改和删除。

④Snapshot:快照隔离,可以为读取数据的事务提供所需数据的一个已提交的版本,因此写入数据的事务阻塞不会读取数据的事务。

⑤Serializable:将事务所要用到的数据表全部锁定,不允许其他事务添加、修改和删除数据。

 

bitsCN.com
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

When might a full table scan be faster than using an index in MySQL? When might a full table scan be faster than using an index in MySQL? Apr 09, 2025 am 12:05 AM

Full table scanning may be faster in MySQL than using indexes. Specific cases include: 1) the data volume is small; 2) when the query returns a large amount of data; 3) when the index column is not highly selective; 4) when the complex query. By analyzing query plans, optimizing indexes, avoiding over-index and regularly maintaining tables, you can make the best choices in practical applications.

Can I install mysql on Windows 7 Can I install mysql on Windows 7 Apr 08, 2025 pm 03:21 PM

Yes, MySQL can be installed on Windows 7, and although Microsoft has stopped supporting Windows 7, MySQL is still compatible with it. However, the following points should be noted during the installation process: Download the MySQL installer for Windows. Select the appropriate version of MySQL (community or enterprise). Select the appropriate installation directory and character set during the installation process. Set the root user password and keep it properly. Connect to the database for testing. Note the compatibility and security issues on Windows 7, and it is recommended to upgrade to a supported operating system.

Explain InnoDB Full-Text Search capabilities. Explain InnoDB Full-Text Search capabilities. Apr 02, 2025 pm 06:09 PM

InnoDB's full-text search capabilities are very powerful, which can significantly improve database query efficiency and ability to process large amounts of text data. 1) InnoDB implements full-text search through inverted indexing, supporting basic and advanced search queries. 2) Use MATCH and AGAINST keywords to search, support Boolean mode and phrase search. 3) Optimization methods include using word segmentation technology, periodic rebuilding of indexes and adjusting cache size to improve performance and accuracy.

Difference between clustered index and non-clustered index (secondary index) in InnoDB. Difference between clustered index and non-clustered index (secondary index) in InnoDB. Apr 02, 2025 pm 06:25 PM

The difference between clustered index and non-clustered index is: 1. Clustered index stores data rows in the index structure, which is suitable for querying by primary key and range. 2. The non-clustered index stores index key values ​​and pointers to data rows, and is suitable for non-primary key column queries.

MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning Apr 10, 2025 am 09:29 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system. 1) Create database and tables: Use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE commands. 2) Basic operations: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and SELECT. 3) Advanced operations: JOIN, subquery and transaction processing. 4) Debugging skills: Check syntax, data type and permissions. 5) Optimization suggestions: Use indexes, avoid SELECT* and use transactions.

The relationship between mysql user and database The relationship between mysql user and database Apr 08, 2025 pm 07:15 PM

In MySQL database, the relationship between the user and the database is defined by permissions and tables. The user has a username and password to access the database. Permissions are granted through the GRANT command, while the table is created by the CREATE TABLE command. To establish a relationship between a user and a database, you need to create a database, create a user, and then grant permissions.

Can mysql and mariadb coexist Can mysql and mariadb coexist Apr 08, 2025 pm 02:27 PM

MySQL and MariaDB can coexist, but need to be configured with caution. The key is to allocate different port numbers and data directories to each database, and adjust parameters such as memory allocation and cache size. Connection pooling, application configuration, and version differences also need to be considered and need to be carefully tested and planned to avoid pitfalls. Running two databases simultaneously can cause performance problems in situations where resources are limited.

Explain different types of MySQL indexes (B-Tree, Hash, Full-text, Spatial). Explain different types of MySQL indexes (B-Tree, Hash, Full-text, Spatial). Apr 02, 2025 pm 07:05 PM

MySQL supports four index types: B-Tree, Hash, Full-text, and Spatial. 1.B-Tree index is suitable for equal value search, range query and sorting. 2. Hash index is suitable for equal value searches, but does not support range query and sorting. 3. Full-text index is used for full-text search and is suitable for processing large amounts of text data. 4. Spatial index is used for geospatial data query and is suitable for GIS applications.

See all articles