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MySQL中的float和decimal类型_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:36 PM
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MySQL中的float和decimal类型

 

float,double容易产生误差,对精确度要求比较高时,建议使用decimal来存,decimal在mysql内存是以字符串存储的,用于定义货币要求精确度高的数据。在数据迁移中,float(M,D)是非标准定义,最好不要这样使用。M为精度,D为标度。 

 

mysql> create table t1(c1 float(10,2), c3 decimal(10,2)); 

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) 

 

mysql> insert into t1 values(1234567.23, 1234567.23); 

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) 

 

mysql> select * from t1; 

+------------+------------+ 

| c1 | c3 | 

+------------+------------+ 

| 1234567.25 | 1234567.23 | 

+------------+------------+ 

1 row in set (0.02 sec) 

 

mysql> insert into t1 values(9876543.21, 9876543.12); 

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) 

 

mysql> 

mysql> select * from t1; 

+------------+------------+ 

| c1 | c3 | 

+------------+------------+ 

| 1234567.25 | 1234567.23 | 

| 9876543.00 | 9876543.12 | 

+------------+------------+ 

2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 

 

不定义fload, double的精度和标度时,存储按给出的数值存储,这于OS和当前的硬件有关。 

 

decimal默认为decimal(10,0) 

 

因为误差问题,在程序中,少用浮点数做=比较,可以做range比较。如果数值比较,最好使用decimal类型。 

 

精度中,符号不算在内: 

 

 

mysql> insert into t1 values(-98765430.21, -98765430.12); 

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) 

 

mysql> select * from t1; 

+--------------+--------------+ 

| c1 | c3 | 

+--------------+--------------+ 

| 1234567.25 | 1234567.23 | 

| 9876543.00 | 9876543.12 | 

| -98765432.00 | -98765430.12 | 

+--------------+--------------+ 

3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 

 

float占4个字节,double占8个字节,decimail(M,D)占M+2个字节。 

 

decimal 类型可以精确地表示非常大或非常精确的小数。大至 1028(正或负)以及有效位数多达 28 位的数字可以作为 decimal类型存储而不失其精确性。该类型对于必须避免舍入错误的应用程序(如记账)很有用。

 

float是浮点数,不能指定小数位。 

decimal是精确数,可以指定精度。 

对mysql 5来说 decimal(p,s)中p最大为65,S最大为30 

decimal数据类型最多可存储 38 个数字,它存储了一个准确(精确)的数字表达法,不存储值的近似值。 

 

当数据值一定要按照指定精确存储时,可以用带有小数的decimal数据类型来存储数字。 

float和real数据类型被称为近似的数据类型。不存储精确值.当要求精确的数字状态时,比如在财务应用程序中,在那些需要舍入的操作中,或在等值核对的操作中,就不使用这些数据类型。这时就要用integer、decimal、money或smallmone数据类型。 

 

在 WHERE 子句搜索条件中(特别是 = 和 运算符),应避免使用float或real列。最好限制使用float和real列做> 或 bitsCN.com

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