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数据库设计---需求分析
Home Database Mysql Tutorial MYSQL数据库设计和数据库设计实例(二)_MySQL

MYSQL数据库设计和数据库设计实例(二)_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:37 PM
Database Design

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数据库设计---需求分析

1>需求分析的主要任务或者说主要的作用是:通过详细的调查现实世界要处理的对象,了解计算机系统的工作概况,明确用户的各种需求,然后在此基础上确定新系统的功能,

    还需要考虑到今后可能的对系统的扩充和改变.

2>在调查过程中重点是”数据”和”处理”.通过调查收集分析,以获得用户对数据库的要求.

  这些要求一般包涵   a.信息要求。用户需从数据库中获得信息的内容与性质。

                          b.处理要求。用户要完成一个什么样的处理功能,对处理的响应时间有什么要求,处理的方式是什么,一般包涵批处理和联机处理

                          c.安全性与完整性的要求

3>数据字典

            数据字典是系统中各类数据描述的集合,是进行详细的数据收集和数据分析所获得主要成果。在一个数据库设计中占有重要的地位。

      数据字典通常包括:数据项 数据结果、数据流、数据存储和处理过程。

数据项是最小的组成点位,多个数据项构成一个数据结构,数据字典对数据项和数据结构的定义来描述数据流、数据存储的逻辑内容。

(1)数据项:数据项是不可分割的数据单元。

(2)数据结构:数据结构它反映了个数据之间的组合形式,可有若干个数据项组成,也可由若干个数据结构组成,或者由若干个数据项、数据结构组成。

(3)数据流:数据流就是数据在结构在系统内传输的路径。

(4)数据存储:数据存储就是数据结构停留或者保存的地方,也是数据流的来源和去向之一。

(5)处理过程:具体的处理逻辑一般用判定数或判定表来描述。

数据字典是关于数据库中数据的描述元数据,而不是数据本身。

数据字典是在需求分析阶段建立的,在数据库设计过程中不断修改、充实和完善。

 

写一篇http://www.cnblogs.com/haoke/archive/2012/12/11/2813537.html

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