Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySql官方手册学习笔记3—MySql中的存储过程简介_MySQL

MySql官方手册学习笔记3—MySql中的存储过程简介_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:39 PM
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SELECT INTO

CREATE PROCEDURE sp1 (x VARCHAR(5))    //创建储存过程

  BEGIN

    DECLARE xname VARCHAR(5) DEFAULT 'bob';      //声明局部变量

    DECLARE newname VARCHAR(5);

    DECLARE xid INT;

   

    SELECT xname,id INTO newname,xid      //将查到的属性值存入变量中

      FROM table1 WHERE xname = xname;

    SELECT newname;

  END;

变量名不能与列名一样,当这个程序被调用的时候,无论table.xname列的值是什么,变量newname将返回值‘bob’。

 

HANDLER

mysql> CREATE TABLE test.t (s1 int,primary key (s1));

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delimiter //  //将定界符“;”改为“//”,因为程序中需要用到“;”。

mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE handlerdemo ()

    -> BEGIN

    ->   DECLARE insertErr CONDITION FOR SQLSTATE '23000';  //声明CONDITION

    ->   DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR insertErr SET @x2 = 1;//声明HANDLER

    ->   SET @x = 1;  //为局部变量赋值

    ->   INSERT INTO test.t VALUES (1);

    ->   SET @x = 2;

    ->   INSERT INTO test.t VALUES (1);

    ->   SET @x = 3;

    -> END;

    -> //

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> CALL handlerdemo()//

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> SELECT @x//

    +------+

    | @x   |

    +------+

    | 3    |

    +------+

    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

注意到,@x是3,这表明MySQL被执行到程序的末尾。如果DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR insertErr SET @x2 = 1; 这一行不在,第二个INSERT因PRIMARY KEY强制而失败之后,MySQL可能已经采取 默认(EXIT)路径,并且SELECT @x可能已经返回2。

CURSOR

CREATE PROCEDURE curdemo()

BEGIN

  DECLARE done INT DEFAULT 0;

  DECLARE a CHAR(16);

  DECLARE b,c INT;

  DECLARE cur1 CURSOR FOR SELECT id,data FROM test.t1;

  DECLARE cur2 CURSOR FOR SELECT i FROM test.t2;

  DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR SQLSTATE '02000' SET done = 1;

 

  OPEN cur1; //使用前先打开游标

  OPEN cur2;

 

  REPEAT

    FETCH cur1 INTO a, b;  

    FETCH cur2 INTO c;

    IF NOT done THEN

       IF b

          INSERT INTO test.t3 VALUES (a,b);

       ELSE

          INSERT INTO test.t3 VALUES (a,c);

       END IF;

    END IF;

  UNTIL done END REPEAT;

 

  CLOSE cur1;

  CLOSE cur2;

END

 

 

CASE

 CASE case_value

    WHEN when_value THEN statement_list

    [WHEN when_value THEN statement_list] ...

    [ELSE statement_list]

END CASE

Or:

CASE

    WHEN search_condition THEN statement_list

    [WHEN search_condition THEN statement_list] ...

    [ELSE statement_list]

END CASE

存储程序的CASE语句实现一个复杂的条件构造。如果search_condition 求值为真,相应的SQL被执行。如果没有搜索条件匹配,在ELSE子句里的语句被执行。

 

 LEAVE

 LEAVE label

这个语句被用来退出任何被标注的流程控制构造。它和BEGIN ... END或循环一起被使用。

 

 ITERATE

 ITERATE label

 

ITERATE只可以出现在LOOP, REPEAT, 和WHILE语句内。ITERATE意思为:“再次循环。”

例如:

CREATE PROCEDURE doiterate(p1 INT)

BEGIN

  label1: LOOP

    SET p1 = p1 + 1;

    IF p1

    LEAVE label1;

  END LOOP label1;

  SET @x = p1;

END

REPEAT

mysql> delimiter //

 

mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE dorepeat(p1 INT)

    -> BEGIN

    ->   SET @x = 0;

    ->   REPEAT SET @x = @x + 1; UNTIL @x > p1 END REPEAT;

    -> END

    -> //

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> CALL dorepeat(1000)//

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> SELECT @x//

+------+

| @x   |

+------+

| 1001 |

+------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

WHILE

CREATE PROCEDURE dowhile()

BEGIN

  DECLARE v1 INT DEFAULT 5;

 

  WHILE v1 > 0 DO

    ...

    SET v1 = v1 - 1;

  END WHILE;

EN

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